Firefly Algorithm (FA) is one of the popular algorithm of Swarm Intelligence domain that can be used in most of the areas of optimization. FA and its variants are simple to implement and easily understood. These can be used to successfully solve the problems of different areas. Modification in original FA or hybrid FA algorithms are required to solve diverse range of engineering problems. In this paper, a comprehensive review of firefly algorithm is presented and various characteristics are discussed. The various variant of FA such as binary, multi-objective and hybrid with other meta-heuristics are discussed. The applications and performance evolution metric are presented. This paper provides the possible future research direction of FA.

Firefly算法（FA）是Swarm Intelligence域中流行的算法之一，可用于大多数优化领域。FA及其变体易于实现且易于理解。这些可以用来成功解决不同领域的问题。需要对原始FA或混合FA算法进行修改以解决各种工程问题。本文对萤火虫算法进行了综述，并讨论了其各种特性。讨论了FA的各种变体，例如二进制，多目标以及与其他元启发式算法的混合。介绍了应用程序和性能演进指标。本文提供了FA未来可能的研究方向。