Phagocytosis is an important feature of innate immunity in which invading microorganisms are engulfed, killed and degraded - and in some immune cells, their antigens presented to adaptive immune system. A closely related process, efferocytosis, removes apoptotic cells, and is essential for the maintenance of homeostasis. Both phagocytosis and efferocytosis are tightly regulated processes that involve target recognition and uptake through specific receptors, followed by endolysosomal trafficking and processing of the internalized target. Central to the uptake and trafficking of these targets are the Rab family of small GTPases, which coordinate the engulfment and trafficking of both phagocytosed and efferocytosed materials through the endolysosomal system. Because of this regulatory function, Rab GTPases are often targeted by pathogens to escape phagocytosis. In this review, we will discuss the shared and differential roles of Rab GTPases in phagocytosis and efferocytosis.

中文翻译：

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Rab GTPases 在吞噬病原体与 efferocytosed 凋亡细胞的差异加工中。

吞噬作用是先天免疫的一个重要特征，其中入侵的微生物被吞噬、杀死和降解——在一些免疫细胞中，它们的抗原呈递给适应性免疫系统。一个密切相关的过程，胞吞作用，去除凋亡细胞，对于维持体内平衡至关重要。吞噬作用和胞吞作用都是受到严格调控的过程，涉及通过特定受体识别和摄取目标，然后是内溶酶体运输和内化目标的加工。这些目标摄取和运输的核心是 Rab 家族的小 GTP 酶，它通过内溶酶体系统协调吞噬和胞吞物质的吞噬和运输。由于这种调节功能，Rab GTP 酶通常被病原体靶向以逃避吞噬作用。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论 Rab GTPases 在吞噬作用和胞吞作用中的共同和不同作用。