Background Disordered Eating (DE) shows a strong association with athletics and can lead to several negative mental and physical health effects. Traditionally, sports have been grouped based upon whether or not the sport emphasizes leanness as a competing factor. Due to sociocultural factors, risk for DE may also be associated with the sport type. The aim of this review is to critically analyze the available research and data in this field to consider the relationship between DE and sport type to see which factors influence prevalence among athletes Method A systematic review was completed using keywords specific to DE and sport types. Articles were either excluded due to lack of specification of athlete type or failure to use a standardized screening tool or interview for data collection. Results 6 out of 7 studies found a significant increase in DE rates among lean sport types. When classifying by sport type reports were less consistent, but show non-lean sports also have increased rates of DE. Conclusion There are variations in prevalence of DE behaviors depending on athlete type. It is important to identify the risk for DE early in athletes so emphasis can be placed on treatment options to nullify progression to an eating disorder, lower negative impacts on an athlete’s performance, and prevent other negative health effects. Using sport groups is important to clinical practice as well as research, as certain sports may have a higher risk for development of DE.

中文翻译：

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按对瘦身和活动类型的重视程度分类的运动员饮食失调的患病率——系统评价


背景饮食失调（DE）与运动密切相关，并可能导致多种负面的心理和身体健康影响。传统上，运动是根据运动是否强调瘦身作为竞争因素来进行分组的。由于社会文化因素，DE 风险也可能与运动类型有关。本综述的目的是批判性地分析该领域的现有研究和数据，以考虑 DE 和运动类型之间的关系，了解哪些因素影响运动员的患病率。 方法 使用特定于 DE 和运动类型的关键词完成了系统综述。文章要么因缺乏运动员类型的规范而被排除，要么因未能使用标准化筛选工具或访谈进行数据收集而被排除。结果 7 项研究中有 6 项发现精益运动类型的 DE 率显着增加。按运动类型分类时，报告的一致性较差，但显示非瘦运动的 DE 率也有所增加。结论 DE 行为的发生率因运动员类型的不同而存在差异。尽早识别运动员的 DE 风险非常重要，因此可以重点关注治疗方案，以消除饮食失调的进展，降低对运动员表现的负面影响，并防止其他负面健康影响。使用运动团体对于临床实践和研究都很重要，因为某些运动可能具有较高的发生 DE 的风险。