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Using genetic evaluation to guide conservation of remnant Juniperus communis (Cupressaceae) populations
Plant Biology ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-29 , DOI: 10.1111/plb.13188 A.‐L. Jacquemart 1 , C. Buyens 1 , L.‐M. Delescaille 2 , F. Van Rossum 3, 4
中文翻译：
利用遗传评价指导对Jun柏残留种群的保护
更新日期：2020-09-29
Plant Biology ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-29 , DOI: 10.1111/plb.13188 A.‐L. Jacquemart 1 , C. Buyens 1 , L.‐M. Delescaille 2 , F. Van Rossum 3, 4
Affiliation
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- Many critically endangered plant species exist in small, genetically depauperate or inbred populations, making assisted gene flow interventions necessary for long‐term population viability. However, before such interventions are implemented, conservation practitioners must consider the genetic and demographic status of extant populations, which are strongly affected by species’ life‐history traits. In northwestern Europe, Juniperus communis, a dioecious, wind‐pollinated and bird‐dispersed gymnosperm, has been declining for the past century and largely exists in small, isolated and senescent populations.
- To provide useful recommendations for a recovery plan involving translocation of plants, we investigated genetic diversity and structure of populations in Belgium using four microsatellite and five plastid single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers.
- We detected no clonality in the populations, suggesting predominantly sexual reproduction. Populations exhibited high genetic diversity (He = 0.367–0.563) and low to moderate genetic differentiation (FST ≤ 0.133), with no clear geographic structure. Highly positive inbreeding coefficients (FIS = 0.221–0.507) were explained by null alleles, population substructuring and biparental inbreeding. No isolation by distance was observed among distant populations, but isolation at close geographic proximity was found. Patterns were consistent with high historical gene flow through pollen and seed dispersal at both short and long distances. We also tested four pre‐germination treatments among populations to improve germination rates; however, germination rates remained low and only cold‐stratification treatments induced germination in some populations.
- To bolster population regeneration, introductions of cuttings from several source populations are recommended, in combination with in situ management practices that improve seedling survival and with ex situ propagation.
中文翻译：
利用遗传评价指导对Jun柏残留种群的保护
- 许多极度濒危的植物物种存在于小型，遗传绝育或近交种群中，因此需要进行辅助的基因流动干预措施才能长期维持种群活力。但是，在实施此类干预措施之前，保护从业人员必须考虑现存种群的遗传和人口状况，而现存种群的遗传和人口状况受到物种生命历史特征的强烈影响。在欧洲西北部，刺柏群落，雌雄异株，风媒和鸟类传播裸子植物，一直在下降，在过去世纪，小，孤立和衰老的人群主要是存在的。
- 为了为涉及植物易位的恢复计划提供有用的建议，我们使用四个微卫星和五个质体单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记调查了比利时的遗传多样性和种群结构。
- 我们在人群中未发现任何克隆性，表明主要是有性生殖。群体显示出高的遗传多样性（ħ Ë = 0.367-0.563）和低到中等的遗传分化（˚F ST ≤0.133），没有明确的地理结构。高正近交系数（F IS = 0.221–0.507）由无效等位基因，种群结构和双亲近交来解释。在遥远的人群中未观察到距离隔离，但在近距离地理隔离中发现隔离。模式与在短距离和长距离通过花粉和种子散布的高历史基因流一致。我们还对人群中的四种发芽前处理进行了测试，以提高发芽率。但是，发芽率仍然很低，只有冷分层处理才能在某些种群中诱导发芽。
- 为了促进种群再生，建议从几种来源种群中引入插条，并结合可提高幼苗存活率和非原生境繁殖的原地管理措施。
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