Metabolism reprogramming is critical for both cancer progression and effective immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. Amino acid metabolism in different cells and their cross-talk shape tumor immunity and therapy efficacy in patients with cancer. In this review, we focus on multiple amino acids and their transporters, solute carrier (SLC) members. We discuss their involvement in regulation of immune responses in the tumor microenvironment and assess their associations with cancer immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, and we review their potential as targets for cancer therapy. We stress the necessity to understand individual amino acids and their transporters in different cell subsets, the molecular intersection between amino acid metabolism, and effective T cell immunity and its relevance in cancer therapies.

代谢重编程对于癌症进展和肿瘤微环境中的有效免疫反应至关重要。不同细胞中的氨基酸代谢及其串扰影响癌症患者的肿瘤免疫和治疗效果。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注多种氨基酸及其转运蛋白、溶质载体 (SLC) 成员。我们讨论了它们在肿瘤微环境中免疫反应调节中的作用，评估了它们与癌症免疫治疗、化疗和放射治疗的关系，并回顾了它们作为癌症治疗靶点的潜力。我们强调有必要了解不同细胞亚群中的单个氨基酸及其转运蛋白、氨基酸代谢之间的分子交叉、有效的 T 细胞免疫及其在癌症治疗中的相关性。