Purpose

Aluminum (Al) is a harmful metal to organisms and is capable of entering the human body in multiple ways, such as through drinking, breathing, deodorant use, and vaccination. This study examined the prospective toxicity of Al and the protective attributes of pomegranate juice (PJ) on neurobehavioral and biochemical parameters of male mice.

Methods

Six groups of male mice were treated for 35 days with 20 % PJ (group II), 40 % PJ (group III), 400 mg/kg Al (group IV), Al + 20 % PJ (group V), Al + 40 % PJ (group VI) or tap water (control, group I). Behavioral assessments were conducted for learning and memory evaluations at the end of experiment. In addition, the forebrain was isolated for biochemical analysis.

Results

The exposure of male mice to Al decreased learning and memory retention in the shuttle box, Morris water-maze and T-Maze tests. Biochemical analysis revealed significant depletions in neurotransmitters including DA, 5-HT and AChE and oxidative proteins including GSH, GST, CAT and SOD and increased TBARES levels in Al-treated mice compared to untreated mice. Pomegranate juice provided protection against these effects after Al exposure by ameliorating learning and memory retention and oxidative state in a dose-independent manner.

Conclusion

Our data demonstrated that Al exposure caused behavioral and biochemical disorders. Pomegranate juice in lower dose has beneficial properties for health and can be used as a source of antioxidants to reduce the toxicity of Al and other substances.

中文翻译：

---

石榴汁可挽救氯化铝治疗的雄性小鼠的发育、神经行为和生化障碍

目的

铝 (Al) 是一种对生物体有害的金属，能够通过多种方式进入人体，例如通过饮水、呼吸、使用除臭剂和接种疫苗。本研究考察了铝的预期毒性和石榴汁 (PJ) 对雄性小鼠神经行为和生化参数的保护作用。

方法

六组雄性小鼠用 20% PJ（组 II）、40% PJ（组 III）、400 mg/kg Al（组 IV）、Al + 20% PJ（组 V）、Al + 40 治疗 35 天% PJ（VI 组）或自来水（对照，I 组）。在实验结束时进行行为评估以进行学习和记忆评估。此外，还分离了前脑进行生化分析。

结果

雄性小鼠暴露于铝会降低穿梭箱、莫里斯水迷宫和 T 迷宫测试中的学习和记忆保留。生化分析显示，与未处理的小鼠相比，Al 处理的小鼠中神经递质（包括 DA、5-HT 和 AChE）和氧化蛋白（包括 GSH、GST、CAT 和 SOD）的显着消耗和增加的 TBARES 水平。石榴汁通过以与剂量无关的方式改善学习和记忆保留以及氧化状态，在铝暴露后提供了针对这些影响的保护。

结论

我们的数据表明，铝暴露会导致行为和生化障碍。较低剂量的石榴汁对健康有益，可用作抗氧化剂的来源，以降低铝和其他物质的毒性。