Abstract Previous studies show that the material properties of the rubber are among the most important factors when designing a tire. In this study, we investigated the effects of different rubber properties on tire performance on ice. A theoretical model that incorporates these tire material properties was developed. The model was used to estimate the height of the water film generated due to friction and the friction coefficient for both, dry and wet regions at the tire-ice contact patch. After validating the results using experimentally collected data, the model was used to perform a sensitivity analysis on the tire performance with respect to six material properties of the tread rubber: thermal conductivity, rubber density, Young’s modulus, specific heat, roughness parameter of the rubber, and radii of spherical asperities of the rubber. To study the effect of each parameter, the desired material property was varied within a specific range while the other parameters were kept constant. The results from this study show the sensitivity of the magnitude of the friction coefficient to the rubber material properties. The friction coefficient has a direct relationship with the density of the rubber and has an inverse relationship with Young’s modulus, specific heat, and roughness parameter.

中文翻译：

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轮胎胶料特性对轮胎冰摩擦系数的敏感性分析

摘要 以往的研究表明，橡胶的材料特性是设计轮胎时最重要的因素之一。在这项研究中，我们研究了不同橡胶特性对冰上轮胎性能的影响。开发了包含这些轮胎材料特性的理论模型。该模型用于估计由于摩擦而产生的水膜的高度以及轮胎与冰接触面的干湿区域的摩擦系数。在使用实验收集的数据验证结果后，该模型用于对胎面橡胶的六种材料特性进行轮胎性能的敏感性分析：导热系数、橡胶密度、杨氏模量、比热、橡胶粗糙度参数, 以及橡胶球形凹凸的半径。为了研究每个参数的影响，所需的材料特性在特定范围内变化，而其他参数保持不变。这项研究的结果显示了摩擦系数的大小对橡胶材料特性的敏感性。摩擦系数与橡胶的密度有直接关系，与杨氏模量、比热和粗糙度参数成反比关系。