Localized translation is a proposed biological event that allows mRNA to be translated on site, providing an additional level of protein regulation within a cell. Examples of localized translation have been found or proposed in a variety of cellular contexts from neurons to cancer cells and implicated in both normal development and disease for over a half century. For example, mRNA translation on the mitotic apparatus (MA) was initially hypothesized in the 1950–60s. However, its proof of existence, biological significance and mechanistic details have remained sparse and it is still unclear how well conserved this mechanism may be among different cell types or organisms. In this review, we provide a brief historic summary of translation on the MA and discuss how current and future work may help us understand this biological process that provides a subcellular level of regulation in protein synthesis within a cell.

局部翻译是一种提议的生物学事件，它允许 mRNA 原位翻译，在细胞内提供额外的蛋白质调节水平。半个多世纪以来，已经在从神经元到癌细胞的各种细胞环境中发现或提出了局部翻译的例子，并与正常发育和疾病有关。例如，在 1950-60 年代最初假设有丝分裂器 (MA) 上的 mRNA 翻译。然而，其存在的证据、生物学意义和机制细节仍然很少，而且目前尚不清楚这种机制在不同细胞类型或生物体中的保守程度。在这次审查中，