Backgroup

Superfine grinding (SG) technology has attracted considerable attention in food and medicine researcher fields.

Methods

Polysaccharides in superfine powder of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino (GPP) were extracted using three methods, including hot water extraction (HWE), ultrasound-assisted hot extraction (UAE), and microwave-assisted hot extraction (MAE), and the purified polysaccharides were specially denoted as GPWP, GPUP, and GPMP, respectively. The possible structures of polysaccharides were investigated by FT-IR, HPLC and SEM. In addition, the antioxidative and immunomodulatory activities were evaluated by in vitro radical-scavenging activity assay and immune cell functional evaluation.

Results

We observed that the yield of GPUP (20.31%) was relatively higher than that of GPWP (15.34%) and GPMP (16.96%). Among all products, GPWP exhibited the highest antioxidative activities against DPPH, hydroxyl, and superoxide anion radicals. GPWP could also preferably chelate Fe²⁺ and protect against the oxidative damage by increasing the cellular levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GSH-PX) and decreasing the content of oxidation product (MDA). Three polysaccharides presented some extent of immunoregulatory activity by promoting the phagocytosis of mononuclear macrophages and elevating the levels of NO, TNF-ɑ, and IL-6, and among which GPWP showed the best.

Conclusion

These results indicate that the HWE method is an excellent technique for extracting GPP with high bioactivities that would be suitable for various industrial applications.

中文翻译：

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提取方法对绞股蓝超微粉多糖抗氧化和免疫调节活性的影响

后备群

超细研磨（SG）技术在食品和医药研究领域引起了相当大的关注。

方法

在超细粉多糖绞股蓝使用三种方法，包括热水提取（HWE）（GPP）牧野提取，超声辅助热提取（UAE），和微波辅助热提取（MAE），以及纯化的多糖是特别分别表示为 GPWP、GPUP 和 GPMP。通过FT-IR、HPLC和SEM研究了多糖的可能结构。此外，通过体外自由基清除活性测定和免疫细胞功能评估来评估抗氧化和免疫调节活性。

结果

我们观察到 GPUP（20.31%）的产率相对高于 GPWP（15.34%）和 GPMP（16.96%）。在所有产品中，GPWP 对 DPPH、羟基和超氧阴离子自由基表现出最高的抗氧化活性。GPWP还可以通过增加抗氧化酶（SOD、CAT和GSH-PX）的细胞水平和降低氧化产物（MDA）的含量来优选螯合Fe ²⁺并防止氧化损伤。三种多糖通过促进单核巨噬细胞的吞噬作用，提高NO、TNF-ɑ和IL-6的水平而呈现一定程度的免疫调节活性，其中GPWP表现最好。

结论

这些结果表明，HWE 方法是一种用于提取具有高生物活性的 GPP 的优秀技术，适用于各种工业应用。