The historical classification (1993) of anti-tuberculosis drugs included three (I-III) lines that were subdivided into five groups (2006). The duration of treatment of drug-sensitive (DS) tuberculosis (TB) with first-line drugs is 6 – 12 months; of multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB with second-line drugs, 18 months and longer. The Directly Observed Treatment Short course (DOTS) and DOTS-Plus therapies are measures of world TB control. Based on the need for more effective treatment of MDR and XDR TB, the classification of 2016 introduced six groups (A-C and D1-D3) in connection with the development of new anti-TB drugs. The present review presents first-line preparations and their new derivatives possessing activity against DS and drug-resistant (DR) M. tuberculosis strains.

中文翻译：

---

现代抗结核药物及其分类。第一部分：一线药物

抗结核药物的历史分类 (1993) 包括三个 (I-III) 品系，这些品系被细分为五组 (2006)。一线药物治疗药物敏感性（DS）结核病（TB）的持续时间为6-12个月；耐多药 (MDR) TB 和广泛耐药 (XDR) TB 使用二线药物治疗，18 个月或更长时间。直接观察治疗短期 (DOTS) 和 DOTS-Plus 疗法是世界结核病控制的措施。基于对耐多药和广泛耐药结核病更有效治疗的需要，2016年的分类引入了六组（AC和D1-D3）与开发新的抗结核药物有关。本综述介绍了一线制剂及其对 DS 和耐药 (DR) 结核分枝杆菌菌株具有活性的新衍生物。