Three-dimensional wireless sensor networks (3D WSNs) play an important role to provide data collection services for Internet of things (IoT) in the real applications. However, many of the existing WSN data collection researches are based on a relatively simple linear or plane network model. The three-dimensional space problems are simplified to two-dimensional plane, which limits the applicability. In this paper, the data collection in 3D WSN is studied. In the three-dimensional space, we firstly analyze the data loads, energy consumption, and end-to-end (E2E) delay of each node when the network is following the shortest path routing. The mathematical analysis of data loads and E2E delay of each node are presented. Based on the analysis of data loads and energy consumption, an energy-ware data transmission scheme is proposed to achieve the trade-off optimization between the E2E delay and network lifetime under the guarantee of the transmission reliability. The key point of the proposed scheme is to make fully use of the unbalanced energy consumption of the 3D WSN. The performance of the proposed scheme is discussed, analyzed, and evaluated. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the E2E network delay and energy efficiency can be improved under the constraint of transmission reliability.

中文翻译：

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3D WSN可靠性保证下的能源感知数据传输方案

三维无线传感器网络（3D WSN）在实际应用中为物联网（IoT）提供数据收集服务起着重要作用。但是，许多现有的WSN数据收集研究都是基于相对简单的线性或平面网络模型。三维空间问题被简化为二维平面，这限制了其适用性。本文研究了3D WSN中的数据收集。在三维空间中，我们首先分析当网络遵循最短路径路由时每个节点的数据负载，能耗和端到端（E2E）延迟。给出了每个节点的数据负载和端到端延迟的数学分析。在分析数据负载和能耗的基础上，提出了一种能量数据传输方案，在保证传输可靠性的前提下，实现了端到端时延与网络寿命之间的折衷优化。提出的方案的重点是充分利用3D WSN的不平衡能耗。讨论，分析和评估了所提出方案的性能。理论分析和仿真结果表明，在传输可靠性的约束下，可以提高端到端网络的时延和能效。