Thinning is a necessary silvicultural activity for restoring the long-term sustainability of pine forests in much of the southwestern United States. In northern Arizona, a landscape-scale restoration effort, called the Four Forest Restoration Initiative, has been implemented to recover the long-term sustainability of 2.4 million acres on four national forests. Cost-effective and efficient thinning methods are needed due to the scale of the project to help improve habitat, conserve biodiversity, protect old growth, reduce risk of severe wildfire, and restore natural forest structure and function. Mechanical cutting using a feller-buncher is the primary method of thinning in these forests due to the extreme high number of small-diameter ponderosa pine trees. A feller-buncher places harvested trees into small piles known as “bunches.” In this review, we highlight advantages and disadvantages of bunching tree materials in restoration programs and review published studies on transpirational drying of bunches of various tree species in different forest habitats across the United States, including ponderosa pine in Arizona. Studies show that transpirational drying of trees in bunches can be an effective method to allow for wood drying, but this process can be affected by abiotic factors associated with seasonal climate and stand characteristics.

中文翻译：

---

在亚利桑那州北部进行森林恢复处理后，使用束流作为通过蒸腾干燥减少木材水分的方法

在美国西南部的大部分地区，伐木是恢复松树林的长期可持续性所必需的营林活动。在亚利桑那州北部，已实施了一项称为“四林恢复倡议”的景观规模恢复工作，以恢复四处国家森林中240万英亩的长期可持续性。由于该项目的规模较大，因此需要经济有效的疏伐方法，以帮助改善栖息地，保护生物多样性，保护旧的生长，减少严重野火的风险以及恢复天然森林的结构和功能。在这些森林中，使用伐木归伐机进行机械砍伐是疏伐的主要方法，因为小径黄松木的数量极高。伐木工人将采伐的树木放到称为“树丛”的小堆中。在这篇评论中 我们将重点介绍在恢复程序中捆扎树木材料的优缺点，并回顾已发表的有关蒸腾干燥各种树种在美国不同森林栖息地（包括亚利桑那州的美国黄松）的研究。研究表明，成束蒸腾树木是可以使木材干燥的有效方法，但是该过程可能会受到与季节性气候和林分特征相关的非生物因素的影响。