Intermediates of both cholesterol synthesis and cholesterol metabolism can have diverse roles in the control of cellular processes that go beyond the control of cholesterol homeostasis. For example, oxidized forms of cholesterol, called oxysterols have functions ranging from the control of gene expression, signal transduction and cell migration. This is of particular interest in the context of immunology and immunometabolism where we now know that metabolic processes are key towards shaping the nature of immune responses. Equally, aberrant metabolic processes including altered cholesterol homeostasis contribute to immune dysregulation and dysfunction in pathological situations. This review article brings together our current understanding of how oxysterols affect the control of immune responses in diverse immunological settings.

中文翻译：

---

氧化甾醇的多种免疫调节作用——氧化胆固醇代谢物

胆固醇合成和胆固醇代谢的中间体在控制超出胆固醇稳态控制的细胞过程中可以发挥多种作用。例如，被称为氧化甾醇的氧化形式的胆固醇具有控制基因表达、信号转导和细胞迁移的功能。这在免疫学和免疫代谢的背景下特别有趣，我们现在知道代谢过程是塑造免疫反应性质的关键。同样，异常的代谢过程，包括胆固醇稳态的改变，会导致病理情况下的免疫失调和功能障碍。这篇综述文章汇集了我们目前对氧甾醇如何影响不同免疫环境中免疫反应控制的理解。