Abstract The current study investigates the impact wear mechanism of 2Cr13 steel under small stress multi-impact (SSMI) conditions. Self-made cyclic impact equipment, with a flat-on-flat impact mode, is utilized to achieve SSMI behavior. The results reveal that the impact wear process can be divided into three stages: the pitting damage stage, lump spalling damage stage, and lamellar spalling damage stage. Transmission electron microscopy images of the near-surface wear indicate that the distribution of dislocations changed from linear dislocations to entangled dislocations to sub-grain boundaries with an increase in impact cycles, resulting in cumulative plastic deformation, grain refinement and strain hardening of the impact surface layer. Several pits appear on the impact surface without any significant damage during the pitting damage stage. Therefore, the failure mechanism during the pitting damage stage can be ascribed to the local Hertzian stress. Moreover, both lump and lamellar spalling damage stages experience crack initiation and propagation processes under SSMI conditions, corresponding to the impact fatigue spalling. The failure mechanism of lump and lamellar spalling damage stages can be mainly attributed to the cumulative plastic deformation and hardening of the impact surface during the SSMI process.

中文翻译：

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小应力多冲击条件下2Cr13钢的冲击磨损机理

摘要 目前的研究调查了2Cr13 钢在小应力多重冲击(SSMI) 条件下的冲击磨损机制。自制的循环冲击设备，具有平对平冲击模式，用于实现 SSMI 行为。结果表明，冲击磨损过程可分为三个阶段：点蚀损伤阶段、块状剥落损伤阶段和层状剥落损伤阶段。近表面磨损的透射电镜图像表明，随着冲击循环次数的增加，位错的分布从线型位错到缠结位错再到亚晶界，导致冲击表面累积塑性变形、晶粒细化和应变硬化。层。在点蚀损伤阶段，冲击面上出现了几个坑，没有任何明显的损伤。因此，点蚀损伤阶段的失效机制可以归因于局部赫兹应力。此外，块状和层状剥落损伤阶段在 SSMI 条件下都会经历裂纹萌生和扩展过程，对应于冲击疲劳剥落。块状和层状剥落损伤阶段的破坏机制主要归因于 SSMI 过程中冲击表面的累积塑性变形和硬化。