Abstract The use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP)-reinforced concrete (RC) soft-eyes in tunnel constructions has been gaining noticeable popularity as a successful and practical application of the non-corrosive FRP reinforcement. This unique use of FRP bars takes advantage of their anisotropic property, meaning they are strong along the main axis but can be machined, abraded away, or consumed by tunnel boring machines (TBMs). Consequently, the research program herein offers an inclusive experimental database followed by a detailed theoretical analysis and design provisions for FRP-RC soft-eyes subjected to either axial, flexural, combined axial and flexural loads, or shear stresses. The experimental evidence from our study accentuated the feasibility of FRP reinforcement to maintain strength and stability of FRP-RC elements against all various applied loads. In addition, this paper provides a summary of three field applications of FRP-RC soft-eyes in tunnel constructions located in Canada, highlighting the details of FRP reinforcement, material characteristics, project location, design considerations, and construction methods. The significant field experience herein demonstrated that no major problems or any unanticipated performance-associated troubles were monitored during the construction and service phases.

中文翻译：

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用于隧道施工的 GFRP RC 软眼的测试、设计和现场实施

摘要 纤维增强聚合物 (FRP)-钢筋混凝土 (RC) 软眼在隧道施工中的使用作为非腐蚀性 FRP 加固的成功和实际应用而受到广泛关注。FRP 钢筋的这种独特用途利用了它们的各向异性特性，这意味着它们沿主轴很坚固，但可以被隧道掘进机 (TBM) 加工、磨损或消耗。因此，这里的研究计划提供了一个包容性的实验数据库，然后是详细的理论分析和 FRP-RC 软眼在轴向、弯曲、组合轴向和弯曲载荷或剪切应力下的设计规定。我们研究的实验证据强调了 FRP 加固的可行性，以保持 FRP-RC 元件抵抗各种外加载荷的强度和稳定性。此外，本文总结了 FRP-RC 软眼在加拿大隧道施工中的三个现场应用，重点介绍了 FRP 加固、材料特性、工程位置、设计考虑和施工方法等细节。此处重要的现场经验表明，在施工和服务阶段没有监测到重大问题或任何与性能相关的意外故障。项目位置、设计考虑和施工方法。此处重要的现场经验表明，在施工和服务阶段没有监测到重大问题或任何与性能相关的意外故障。项目位置、设计考虑和施工方法。此处重要的现场经验表明，在施工和服务阶段没有监测到重大问题或任何与性能相关的意外故障。