Introduction

The health benefits of physical activity have gained interest as an intervention tool for mental health. The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the effects of interventions with physical activity components on measures of anxiety, depression and stress in young people.

Methods

A systematic search was carried out across nine electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, British Education Index, Child Development and Adolescent Studies, CENTRAL, Embase, SportDiscus and Psychinfo). Inclusion criteria were studies that used physical activity components with anxiety, depression and stress outcomes in a target population aged 10–19 years. Intervention effects (mean differences) were calculated with a random-effects model. A risk of bias assessment was conducted.

Results

A total of 13 studies depicting 11 RCT and 2 Cluster RCT's with 1928 participants were included. 11 studies were eligible for meta-analyses. The meta-analyses for anxiety demonstrated no difference between groups at follow-up (SMD 0.04; 95% CI -0.20, 0.28; I² = 55%) or when measured as change from baseline (SMD -0.33; 95% CI -0.68, 0.03; I² = 0%). Similarly, no difference in depression was demonstrated between groups at follow-up (SMD 0.09; 95% CI -0.20, 0.40; I² = 72%) or when measured as change from baseline (SMD -0.11; 95% CI -0.29, 0.07; I² = 0%). The meta-analyses showed no overall affect and included studies had high risk of bias and heterogeneity therefore results should be viewed tentatively.

Conclusion

The ability of physical activity components within interventions to produce meaningful change in anxiety, depression and stress outcomes in adolescents remains unclear as the results of the meta-analyses showed no overall affect. Therefore more conclusive studies should be conducted in the future.

中文翻译：

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身体活动成分干预对青少年心理健康的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析

介绍

身体活动对健康的益处已成为一种心理健康干预工具。这项系统评价和荟萃分析的主要目的是确定体育锻炼干预措施对年轻人焦虑，抑郁和压力的影响。

方法

在9个电子数据库（MEDLINE，CINAHL，ERIC，英国教育指数，儿童发展和青少年研究，CENTRAL，Embase，SportDiscus和Psychinfo）中进行了系统的搜索。纳入标准是对年龄在10至19岁的目标人群使用具有焦虑，抑郁和压力结果的身体活动成分的研究。用随机效应模型计算干预效应（均值差异）。进行偏倚风险评估。

结果

总共包括13项研究，描述了11项RCT和2项集群RCT，共有1928名参与者。11项研究符合荟萃分析的条件。焦虑的荟萃分析显示，随访时（SMD 0.04； 95％CI -0.20，0.28； I ²  = 55％）或相对于基线的变化（SMD -0.33； 95％CI -0.68），两组之间无差异。，0.03； I ²  = 0％）。同样，随访时（SMD 0.09; 95％CI -0.20，0.40; I ²  = 72％）或从基线开始测量时（SMD -0.11; 95％CI -0.29， 0.07； I ²  = 0％）。荟萃分析显示没有整体影响，纳入的研究有偏见和异质性的高风险，因此应暂定结果。

结论

由于荟萃分析的结果未显示总体影响，因此干预措施中的体育活动成分能否在青少年中产生有意义的焦虑，抑郁和压力结果变化的能力尚不清楚。因此，将来应进行更多结论性研究。