Abstract The model of a simple self-reproducing system has been investigated. The current model has been developed in the framework of syser systems. The term syser is the abbreviation of the words “SYstem of SElf-Reproduction”. The syser model can be considered as a reasonable model of the prebiological macromolecular self-reproducing systems. The syser includes a polynucleotide matrix, a replication enzyme, a translation enzyme, and other enzymes and protein. Earlier, we studied the model of sysers with a large number of macromolecules. However, a large number of macromolecules is a certain disadvantage of models of prebiological systems. In order to overcome this disadvantage, a new syser model with a small number of macromolecules has been constructed and investigated in the present work. The macromolecules of the syser are located inside the protocell. Additionally, we consider special macromolecules that provide sysers with energy. There is a mechanism for duplication of protocells. We consider the evolution of the population of sysers. The dynamics of macromolecules in protocells and evolution of sysers populations have been analyzed by means of computer simulation. It was shown that during the evolution of the sysers population, the comparative number and rate of synthesis of macromolecules, which provide protocells with energy, could be increased. The decrease of the synthesis rate of polynucleotide matrices is also possible.

中文翻译：

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一个简单的自我复制系统模型

摘要 研究了一个简单的自复制系统模型。当前的模型是在syser系统的框架中开发的。术语 syser 是“自我繁殖系统”一词的缩写。syser 模型可以被认为是前生物大分子自我复制系统的合理模型。该系统包括多核苷酸基质、复制酶、翻译酶以及其他酶和蛋白质。之前，我们研究了具有大量大分子的sysers模型。然而，大量的大分子是前生物系统模型的一个缺点。为了克服这个缺点，在目前的工作中已经构建和研究了具有少量大分子的新的syser模型。syser 的大分子位于原始细胞内。此外，我们还考虑为 sysers 提供能量的特殊大分子。有一种复制原始细胞的机制。我们考虑 sysers 人口的演变。已通过计算机模拟分析了原始细胞中大分子的动力学和 sysers 种群的进化。结果表明，在 sysers 种群的进化过程中，可以增加为原始细胞提供能量的大分子的相对数量和合成速率。多核苷酸基质合成速率的降低也是可能的。已通过计算机模拟分析了原始细胞中大分子的动力学和 sysers 种群的进化。结果表明，在 sysers 种群的进化过程中，可以增加为原始细胞提供能量的大分子的相对数量和合成速率。多核苷酸基质合成速率的降低也是可能的。已通过计算机模拟分析了原始细胞中大分子的动力学和 sysers 种群的进化。结果表明，在 sysers 种群的进化过程中，可以增加为原始细胞提供能量的大分子的相对数量和合成速率。多核苷酸基质合成速率的降低也是可能的。