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Microscopy approaches to study extracellular vesicles
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129752
Federico Colombo 1 , Erienne G Norton 1 , Emanuele Cocucci 1
Affiliation  

Background

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have drawn the attention of both biological researchers and clinical physicians due to their function in mediating cell-to-cell communication and relevance as potential diagnostic markers. Since their discovery, the small size and heterogeneity of EVs has posed a hindrance to their characterization as well as to the definition of their biological significance.

Scope of the review

Recent technological advances have considerably expanded the tools available for EV studies. In particular, the combination of novel microscope setups with high resolution imaging and the flexibility in EV labelling allows for the precise detection and characterization of the molecular composition of single EVs. Here we will review the microscopy techniques that have been applied to unravel the mechanism of EV-mediated intercellular communication as well as to study their molecular composition.

Major conclusions

Microscopy technologies have largely contributed to our understanding of molecular processes, including EV biology. As we discuss in this review, careful experimental planning is necessary to identify the most appropriate technique to use to answer a specific question.

General significance

The considerations regarding microscopy and experimental planning that are discussed here are applicable to the characterization of other small structures, including synthetic nanovectors and viruses.



中文翻译:

显微镜下研究细胞外囊泡的方法

背景

细胞外囊泡(EVs)由于其在介导细胞间通讯中的功能以及作为潜在诊断标志物的相关性而引起了生物学研究人员和临床医生的关注。自发现以来,电动汽车的体积小且异质性对其特性及其生物学意义的定义构成了障碍。

审查范围

最近的技术进步大大扩展了用于电动汽车研究的工具。尤其是,新型显微镜设置与高分辨率成像以及EV标记灵活性的结合,可以对单个EV的分子组成进行精确检测和表征。在这里,我们将回顾已用于阐明EV介导的细胞间通讯机制以及研究其分子组成的显微镜技术。

主要结论

显微镜技术在很大程度上有助于我们对包括电动生物学在内的分子过程的理解。正如我们在这篇评论中所讨论的那样,仔细的实验​​计划对于确定用于回答特定问题的最合适的技术是必要的。

一般意义

本文讨论的有关显微镜和实验计划的注意事项适用于表征其他小的结构,包括合成的纳米载体和病毒。

更新日期:2020-09-28
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