2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) is a phenolic compound used as a wood preservative or pesticide. The chemical is hazardous to freshwater organisms. Although 2,4-DNP poses ecological risks, only a few of its aquatic environmental risks have been investigated and very limited guidelines for freshwater aquatic ecosystems have been established by governments. This study addresses the paucity of 2,4-DNP toxicity data for freshwater ecosystems and the current lack of highly reliable trigger values for this highly toxic compound. We conducted acute bioassays using 12 species from nine taxonomic groups and chronic assays using five species from four taxonomic groups to improve the quality of the dataset and enable the estimation of protective concentrations based on species sensitivity distributions. The acute and hazardous concentrations of 2,4-DNP in 5% of freshwater aquatic species (HC₅) were determined to be 0.91 (0.32–2.65) mg/L and 0.22 (0.11–0.42) mg/L, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a suggested chronic HC₅ for 2,4-DNP and it provides the much-needed fundamental data for the risk assessment and management of freshwater ecosystems.

2,4-二硝基苯酚（2,4-DNP）是用作木材防腐剂或农药的酚类化合物。该化学品对淡水生物有害。尽管2,4-DNP构成生态风险，但仅对其水生环境风险中的几个进行了调查，各国政府对淡水水生生态系统的指导方针非常有限。这项研究解决了淡水生态系统中2,4-DNP毒性数据匮乏的问题，以及该高毒性化合物目前缺乏高度可靠的触发值。我们使用了来自九个分类组的十二种物种进行了急性生物测定，并使用了来自四个分类组的五种物种进行了慢性测定，以提高数据集的质量并能够根据物种的敏感性分布估算保护浓度。急性和危险浓度2₅）分别确定为0.91（0.32-2.65）mg / L和0.22（0.11-0.42）mg / L。据我们所知，这是关于2,4-DNP的建议的慢性HC ₅的首次报告，它为淡水生态系统的风险评估和管理提供了急需的基础数据。