Abstract This study presents the development, refinement, and application of a 3-D multiphase flow model for the simulation of tsunami propagation on land and its hydrodynamic force on a coastal building. The model is based on the Volume/Surface Integrated Average-based Multi-Moment Method (VSIAM3) with improved accuracy by adopting the temporary moment (TM) method to update the non-normal flow variables. A third-order gradient approximation is chosen for the reconstruction of an interpolation profile in the CIP-CLS3 advection solver to further reduce numerical diffusion and suppress numerical oscillation. The moving interface between air–water is captured by using the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The Tangent of Hyperbola for Interface Capturing (THINC) scheme is used to reproduce a sharp and smear-less air–water interface. The model performance improved by as much as 16% in the estimation of impact force on the downstream wall in the dam-break flow benchmarking problem by refining the original VSIAM3 model. The robustness of the model is further demonstrated by the accurate reproduction of tsunami wave propagation speed and its hydrodynamic pressures on a single box-shaped obstacle. The wave-induced pressures on the front face of the obstacle are accurately reproduced, with a maximum of 10% difference compared with the hydraulic experimental results. Thus, the study shows that the overall robustness and hydrodynamic performance of the model can be improved by refining the original model.

中文翻译：

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用于陆地海啸波水动力模拟的稳健高效的 3-D 数值模型

摘要 本研究介绍了 3-D 多相流模型的开发、改进和应用，用于模拟海啸在陆地上的传播及其对沿海建筑物的水动力。该模型基于体积/表面综合平均多矩法（VSIAM3），通过采用临时矩（TM）方法更新非正态流变量，提高了精度。在 CIP-CLS3 对流求解器中选择三阶梯度近似来重建插值剖面，以进一步减少数值扩散并抑制数值振荡。使用流体体积 (VOF) 方法捕获空气-水之间的移动界面。界面捕获双曲线切线 (THINC) 方案用于重现清晰且无涂抹的空气-水界面。通过改进原始 VSIAM3 模型，该模型在溃坝流基准问题中下游壁面冲击力的估计中性能提高了 16%。海啸波传播速度及其对单个箱形障碍物的水动力压力的准确再现进一步证明了模型的稳健性。准确再现了障碍物正面的波浪诱导压力，与水力实验结果最大相差10%。因此，研究表明，可以通过改进原始模型来提高模型的整体稳健性和水动力性能。海啸波传播速度及其对单个箱形障碍物的水动力压力的准确再现进一步证明了模型的稳健性。准确再现了障碍物正面的波浪诱导压力，与水力实验结果相比最大相差10%。因此，研究表明，可以通过改进原始模型来提高模型的整体稳健性和水动力性能。海啸波传播速度及其对单个箱形障碍物的水动力压力的准确再现进一步证明了模型的稳健性。准确再现了障碍物正面的波浪诱导压力，与水力实验结果相比最大相差10%。因此，研究表明，可以通过改进原始模型来提高模型的整体稳健性和水动力性能。