Oocyte maturation is an important phase in fertility and any disorder in this process could lead to infertility. The most common disorder during folliculogenesis is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Due to the secretive activity of granulosa cells (GCs), they play a vital role in folliculogenesis. Although scientists use various cellular and molecular methods to have a better understanding of the mechanism of these cells, some limitations still exist in GC culture such as low primary cell yield and proliferation capability. Therefore, immortalization of primary cells is an approach to overcome these limitations. In the current study, GCs were obtained from two females, one with PCOS and one with normal folliculogenesis. In the first stage, we established two human GC (hGC) lines by immortalizing them through retrovirus-mediated transfer of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and c-Myc genes. Subsequently, the normal and PCOS cell lines were characterized and were investigated for their growth features. The cell lines were also examined in terms of immortal markers of hTERT, follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), aromatase, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9), bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15), estrogen, and progesterone. Our results indicated that the normal and PCOS cell lines both showed similar characteristics to GCs during the follicular stage in normal and PCOS women. The normal and PCOS cell lines demonstrate molecular mechanisms similar to that of GCs such as folliculogenesis, oogenesis, and steroidogenesis, which enable researchers to perform further investigations in future.

卵母细胞成熟是生育的重要阶段，此过程中的任何障碍都可能导致不孕。卵泡发生过程中最常见的疾病是多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）。由于颗粒细胞（GC）的分泌活性，它们在卵泡发生中发挥着至关重要的作用。尽管科学家们使用各种细胞和分子方法来更好地了解这些细胞的机制，但GC培养仍然存在一些局限性，例如原代细胞产量和增殖能力较低。因此，原代细胞的永生化是克服这些限制的一种方法。在目前的研究中，GCs 是从两名女性身上获得的，其中一名患有多囊卵巢综合症，另一名患有正常的卵泡发生。在第一阶段，我们通过逆转录病毒介导的人端粒酶逆转录酶（hTERT）和c-Myc基因的转移使它们永生化，从而建立了两个人GC（hGC）系。随后，对正常细胞系和 PCOS 细胞系进行了表征并研究了它们的生长特征。还对细胞系进行了 hTERT、促卵泡激素受体 (FSHR)、芳香酶、抗苗勒氏管激素 (AMH)、生长分化因子 9 (GDF9)、骨形态发生蛋白 15 (BMP15)、雌激素、和黄体酮。我们的结果表明，在正常和 PCOS 女性的卵泡阶段，正常和 PCOS 细胞系均表现出与 GC 相似的特征。正常和 PCOS 细胞系表现出与 GC 相似的分子机制，如卵泡发生、卵子发生和类固醇生成，这使得研究人员能够在未来进行进一步的研究。