Chronic stress has been related to multiple diseases. Inflammation is proposed strongly to link stress to stress-related diseases in different organs, such as small intestine, colon, and brain. However, stress cellular effect on the pancreatic tissue, especially the exocrine one, had received relatively little attention. This work aimed to evaluate the cellular effect of chronic immobilization stress on the pancreatic tissue function and structure along with evaluating the sex role in this type of pancreatic injury. Thirty rats were equally divided into 5 groups: control male, control female, stressed male, stressed female, and stressed female with bilateral ovariectomy. Stressed rats were exposed to immobilization for 1 h/day, 6 days/week, for 3 weeks. Rats were then decapitated for further biochemical, histological, histo-morphometric, and immunohistochemical study. The results showed that, in male and female rats, chronic immobilization stress produced hypoinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, with increasing exocrine pancreatic injury markers by increasing oxidative and inflammatory status of the pancreatic tissue, and exhibited a degenerative effect on the pancreatic tissue. However, the stress-induced pancreatic effects were more obvious in male rats and female rats with bilateral ovariectomy than that in female rats. It could be concluded that male animals were more susceptible to stress-induced pancreatic damage than females. The ovarian hormones are responsible, at least partly, for pancreatic tissue protection since the stress-induced pancreatic injury in females was exacerbated by ovariectomy. In this study, inflammatory and oxidative stress differences in both sexes could provide a plausible explanation for sex differences.

慢性压力与多种疾病有关。强烈认为炎症将压力与小肠、结肠和大脑等不同器官的压力相关疾病联系起来。然而，应激细胞对胰腺组织（尤其是外分泌组织）的影响相对较少受到关注。这项工作旨在评估慢性固定应激对胰腺组织功能和结构的细胞影响，并评估性别在此类胰腺损伤中的作用。将30只大鼠平均分为5组：对照组雄性、对照组雌性、应激雄性、应激雌性和应激雌性双侧卵巢切除组。应激大鼠每天固定 1 小时，每周 6 天，持续 3 周。然后将大鼠斩首以进行进一步的生化、组织学、组织形态计量学和免疫组织化学研究。结果表明，在雄性和雌性大鼠中，慢性固定应激导致低胰岛素血症和高血糖，通过增加胰腺组织的氧化和炎症状态而增加外分泌胰腺损伤标志物，并对胰腺组织表现出退行性影响。然而，应激诱导的胰腺效应在雄性大鼠和双侧卵巢切除的雌性大鼠中比雌性大鼠更明显。可以得出的结论是，雄性动物比雌性动物更容易受到应激引起的胰腺损伤。卵巢激素至少部分负责胰腺组织的保护，因为卵巢切除术加剧了女性应激性胰腺损伤。在这项研究中，两性的炎症和氧化应激差异可以为性别差异提供合理的解释。