“Shitsu-taikan-sho” is a clinical concept that refers to characteristics of having difficulty in the awareness and expression of somatic feelings or sensations. This concept was first proposed in 1979 by Dr. Yujiro Ikemi, the founder of psychosomatic medicine in Japan, as a characteristic observed in patients with psychosomatic diseases, i.e. physical diseases in which psychosocial factors are closely involved in their onset and progress. Soon after Dr. Ikemi introduced to Japan the concept of alexithymia, coined by P. E. Sifneos in 1973, he noticed that patients with psychosomatic diseases have difficulty in describing not only their emotions, but also somatic feelings and sensations. Dr. Ikemi proposed naming the concept of the trait of lacking somatic awareness “shitsu-taikan-sho” in Japanese (“alexisomia” in English), meaning “shitsu” a lack, “taikan” bodily feelings/sensations, and “sho” condition/symptoms. Dr. Ikemi observed characteristics of both alexithymia and alexisomia in patients with psychosomatic diseases, but considered alexisomia to have a more fundamental pathophysiological role in the understanding of psychosomatic diseases. He also emphasized the importance of treating alexisomia when treating psychosomatic diseases. Recently, alexisomia has again come into focus for various reasons. One is the availability of the Shitsu-taikan-sho Scale (STSS), a self-rating questionnaire to evaluate alexisomic tendency. Another is recent advances in basic research on interoception. The former will facilitate clinical studies on alexisomia, and the latter will enable a deeper understanding of alexisomia. This article is an overview of the historical development of the concept of alexisomia which was conceptualized by Dr. Ikemi, introduces the STSS, and discusses the current understanding and clinical importance of alexisomia in psychosomatic medicine.

中文翻译：

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Shitsu-taikan-sho（alexisomia）：历史回顾及其临床重要性

“ Shitsu-taikan-sho”是一种临床概念，指的是难以理解和表达躯体感觉或感觉的特征。这个概念是由日本心身医学的创始人池田裕次郎博士于1979年首次提出的，其特征是在心身疾病（即与心理社会因素密切相关的身体疾病）的患者中观察到的特征。Ikemi博士在1973年由PE Sifneos提出日本的运动障碍概念后不久，他注意到心身疾病患者不仅难以描述他们的情绪，而且难以描述他们的躯体感觉和感觉。Ikemi博士提议用日语（“ alexisomia”）来命名缺乏身体意识的特质的概念（英语是“ alexisomia”），意思是“ shitsu”的缺乏，“ taikan”的身体感觉/感觉和“ sho”的状况/症状。Ikemi博士观察了心身疾病患者的运动障碍和运动障碍的特征，但认为运动障碍在理解心身疾病方面具有更根本的病理生理作用。他还强调了在治疗心身疾病时治疗Alexisomia的重要性。近来，由于各种原因，焦虑症再次成为关注焦点。一种是Shitsu-taikan-sho量表（STSS）的使用，这是一种用于评估病态倾向的自评问卷。另一个是关于互感的基础研究的最新进展。前者将促进对Alexisomia的临床研究，而后者将使人们对Alexisomia有了更深入的了解。