The process of development has led to the modification of river landscapes. This has created imbalances between ecological, economic, and socio-cultural uses of ecosystem services (ESs), threatening the biotic and social integrity of rivers. Anthropogenic modifications influence river landscapes on multiple scales, which impact river-flow regimes and thus the production of river ESs. Despite progress in developing approaches for the valuation ecosystem goods and services, the ecosystem service research fails to acknowledge the biophysical structure of river landscape where ecosystem services are generated. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to synthesize the literature to develop the understanding of the biocomplexity of river landscapes and its importance in ecosystem service research. The review is limited to anthropogenic modifications from catchment to reach scale which includes inter-basin water transfer, change in land-use pattern, sub-surface modifications, groundwater abstractions, stream channelization, dams, and sand mining. Using 86 studies, the paper demonstrates that river ESs largely depend on the effective functioning of biophysical processes, which are linked with the geomorphological, ecological, and hydrological characteristics of river landscapes. Further, the ESs are linked with the economic, ecological, and socio-cultural aspect. The papers show that almost all anthropogenic modifications have positive impact on economic value of ESs. The ecological and socio-cultural values are negatively impacted by anthropogenic modifications such as dams, inter-basin water transfer, change in land-use pattern, and sand mining. The socio-cultural impact of ground-water abstraction and sub-surface modifications are not found in the literature examined here. Further, the ecological and socio-cultural aspects of ecosystem services from stakeholders’ perspective are discussed. We advocate for linking ecosystem service assessment with landscape signatures considering the socio-ecological interactions.

中文翻译：

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人为改造和河流生态系统服务：景观视角

发展过程导致了河流景观的改变。这造成了生态系统服务 (ES) 的生态、经济和社会文化利用之间的不平衡，威胁到河流的生物和社会完整性。人为改变在多个尺度上影响河流景观，从而影响河流流态，从而影响河流 ES 的产生。尽管在开发评估生态系统产品和服务的方法方面取得了进展，但生态系统服务研究未能承认产生生态系统服务的河流景观的生物物理结构。因此，本综述的目的是综合文献，以加深对河流景观的生物复杂性及其在生态系统服务研究中的重要性的理解。审查仅限于从集水区到规模的人为改造，包括跨流域调水、土地利用模式的变化、地下改造、地下水抽取、河流渠道化、水坝和采砂。该论文使用 86 项研究表明，河流 ESs 在很大程度上取决于生物物理过程的有效运作，而生物物理过程与河流景观的地貌、生态和水文特征有关。此外，ES 与经济、生态和社会文化方面有关。论文表明，几乎所有的人为修改都对 ESs 的经济价值产生了积极影响。生态和社会文化价值受到人为改造的负面影响，例如大坝、跨流域调水、土地利用模式的变化、和采砂。在这里审查的文献中没有发现地下水抽取和地下改造的社会文化影响。此外，还从利益相关者的角度讨论了生态系统服务的生态和社会文化方面。我们主张将生态系统服务评估与考虑到社会生态相互作用的景观特征联系起来。