Nowadays, the sound source localization is widely applied in various fields, with a focus on arrays or algorithms. Meanwhile, acoustic metasurfaces have recently attracted enormous interest in material science. This paper proposed a kind of piezoelectric acoustic metasurface, whose structure is theoretically proved to be useful in sound field orientation or sound source localization. The metasurfaces consist of forty units made up of a resonance-like cavity and a piezoelectric composite sheet in air. By scanning through space and frequency, it has been investigated that the effective interval can reach \(30^\circ \le \theta \le 150^\circ \) and \(-200\le x\le 200\,\hbox {cm}\) under far-field and near-field scenario, respectively. Meanwhile, the bandwidth of the structure was evaluated to be up to 800–900 Hz in both scenarios. In addition, this paper analyzed three factors affecting the interval: frequency, the size of the metasurface, and the number of elements. The results of this paper has opened up a new way for sound source localization and metasurfaces.

如今，声源定位已广泛应用于各个领域，重点放在阵列或算法上。同时，声学超表面最近对材料科学引起了极大的兴趣。本文提出了一种压电声学超表面，其结构在理论上被证明可用于声场定向或声源定位。超表面由四十个单元组成，该单元由共振腔和空气中的压电复合片组成。通过扫描空间和频率，研究了有效间隔可以达到\（30 ^ \ circ \ le \ theta \ le 150 ^ \ circ \）和\（-200 \ le x \ le 200 \，\ hbox {厘米}\）分别在远场和近场情况下。同时，在两种情况下，该结构的带宽均被评估为高达800–900 Hz。此外，本文分析了影响间隔的三个因素：频率，超表面的大小和元素数量。本文的结果为声源定位和超表面开辟了一条新途径。