Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by multiple demyelination of axons in both white and gray matter in the Central Nervous System (CNS). There is increasing evidence to support the notion that angiogenesis and chronic inflammation are mutually related. Different immune cells, including monocytes–macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils, mast cells (MCs) and dendritic cells are able to secrete an array of angiogenic cytokines, which promote growth, migration, and activation of endothelial cells. MCs play various roles in MS pathogenesis, influencing the innate immune response in peripheral tissues and in CNS. The aim of this review article is to discuss the role of MCs in MS pathogenesis with particular reference to the involvement of these inflammatory cells in the angiogenic processes occurring during MS.

多发性硬化症（MS）是一种自身免疫性疾病，其特征在于中枢神经系统（CNS）中的白质和灰质中的轴突多处脱髓鞘。越来越多的证据支持血管生成和慢性炎症相互关联的观点。不同的免疫细胞，包括单核细胞-巨噬细胞，淋巴细胞，嗜中性粒细胞，肥大细胞（MCs）和树突细胞，能够分泌多种血管生成细胞因子，从而促进内皮细胞的生长，迁移和活化。MC在MS发病机理中起多种作用，影响周围组织和CNS的先天免疫应答。本文的目的是讨论MC在MS发病机理中的作用，特别是涉及这些炎症细胞在MS发生的血管生成过程中的作用。