Aims To investigate the association between incident retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and the subsequent development of cancer. Methods In this nationwide population-based retrospective study using 2002–2013 National Health Insurance Service database which covers the entire South Korean population, 186 701 incident RVO patients and their 1:1 propensity-score matched controls were included. We defined the fixed cohort from January 1st, 2004 to December 31st, 2013; the cohort included patients who suffered incident RVO after entering the cohort and their matched controls, and excluded patients having any cancer history before entering the cohort. The association of RVO and cancer was assessed by time-varying covariate Cox regression models; Model 1 included RVO as a time-varying covariate, Model 2 included Model 1 plus demographic information and Model 3 included Model 2 and comorbidities. Results RVO was associated with an increased risk of subsequent cancer (HR=1.29; 95% CI, 1.26–1.31 in Model 1), which was consistent in Models 2 and 3. The incidence rate of overall cancer during the study period was 25.55 (95% CI, 25.19–25.91) per 1000 person-years in the RVO group and 18.62 (95% CI, 18.46–18.79) per 1000 person-years in the control group. In the subgroup analysis, haematological malignancies showed the highest association with RVO (HR=1.65; 95% CI, 1.49–1.83). Conclusion Patients with RVO have an increased risk of subsequent cancer development even after adjusting for demographic factors and comorbidities. Further study is warranted to elucidate these associations to provide proper recommendations for RVO patients regarding the cancer screening.

中文翻译：

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视网膜静脉阻塞患者患癌症的风险增加：一项为期 12 年的全国性队列研究

目的 探讨视网膜静脉阻塞 (RVO) 与随后的癌症发展之间的关联。方法 在这项全国性的基于人群的回顾性研究中，使用 2002-2013 年覆盖整个韩国人口的国民健康保险服务数据库，纳入了 186 701 名 RVO 患者及其 1:1 倾向评分匹配的对照。我们定义了从 2004 年 1 月 1 日到 2013 年 12 月 31 日的固定队列；该队列包括在进入队列后发生 RVO 的患者及其匹配的对照，并排除在进入队列之前有任何癌症病史的患者。通过时变协变量 Cox 回归模型评估 RVO 与癌症的关联；模型 1 包括 RVO 作为时变协变量，模型 2 包括模型 1 加上人口统计信息，模型 3 包括模型 2 和合并症。结果 RVO 与后续癌症风险增加相关（模型 1 中 HR=1.29；95% CI，1.26-1.31），这在模型 2 和模型 3 中是一致的。研究期间总体癌症的发病率为 25.55（ RVO 组每 1000 人年 95% CI，25.19–25.91)，对照组每 1000 人年 18.62 (95% CI，18.46–18.79)。在亚组分析中，血液系统恶性肿瘤与 RVO 的相关性最高（HR=1.65；95% CI，1.49-1.83）。结论即使在调整了人口因素和合并症后，RVO 患者发生后续癌症的风险也会增加。