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Blocking intruders: inducible physico-chemical barriers against plant vascular wilt pathogens
Journal of Experimental Botany ( IF 6.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-25 , DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa444
Anurag Kashyap 1 , Marc Planas-Marquès 1 , Montserrat Capellades 1 , Marc Valls 1, 2 , Núria S Coll 1
Affiliation  

Xylem vascular wilt pathogens cause devastating diseases in plants. Proliferation of these pathogens in the xylem causes massive disruption of water and mineral transport, resulting in severe wilting and death of the infected plants. Upon reaching the xylem vascular tissue, these pathogens multiply profusely, spreading vertically within the xylem sap, and horizontally between vessels and to the surrounding tissues. Plant resistance to these pathogens is very complex. One of the most effective defense responses in resistant plants is the formation of physico-chemical barriers in the xylem tissue. Vertical spread within the vessel lumen is restricted by structural barriers, namely, tyloses and gels. Horizontal spread to the apoplast and surrounding healthy vessels and tissues is prevented by vascular coating of the colonized vessels with lignin and suberin. Both vertical and horizontal barriers compartmentalize the pathogen at the infection site and contribute to their elimination. Induction of these defenses are tightly coordinated, both temporally and spatially, to avoid detrimental consequences such as cavitation and embolism. We discuss current knowledge on mechanisms underlying plant-inducible structural barriers against major xylem-colonizing pathogens. This knowledge may be applied to engineer metabolic pathways of vascular coating compounds in specific cells, to produce plants resistant towards xylem colonizers.

中文翻译:

阻止入侵者:针对植物维管植物枯萎病原体的诱导性理化屏障

木质部维管束枯萎病原体在植物中引起毁灭性疾病。这些病原体在木质部中的繁殖会导致水和矿物质的运输受到严重破坏,从而导致严重的枯萎和被感染植物死亡。一旦到达木质部维管组织,这些病原体大量繁殖,在木质部树液内垂直扩散,在血管之间和周围组织水平扩散。植物对这些病原体的抗性非常复杂。抗性植物中最有效的防御反应之一是木质部组织中的物理化学屏障的形成。血管腔内的垂直扩散受到结构性屏障(即酪蛋白和凝胶)的限制。通过用木质素和木栓质覆盖被覆血管的血管,可以防止水平扩散到质外体和周围健康的血管和组织。垂直和水平屏障都将病原体在感染部位分隔开并有助于其消除。这些防御措施的诱导在时间和空间上都紧密协调,以避免诸如气蚀和栓塞之类的有害后果。我们讨论当前机制对主要木木质部病原体的植物诱导的结构性障碍的机制的知识。该知识可被用于在特定细胞中工程化血管涂层化合物的代谢途径,以产生对木质部定居者有抗性的植物。垂直和水平屏障都将病原体在感染部位分隔开来,并有助于其消除。这些防御措施的诱导在时间和空间上都紧密协调,以避免诸如气蚀和栓塞之类的有害后果。我们讨论当前机制对主要木木质部病原体的植物诱导的结构性障碍的机制的知识。该知识可被用于在特定细胞中工程化血管涂层化合物的代谢途径,以产生对木质部定居者有抗性的植物。垂直和水平屏障都将病原体在感染部位分隔开并有助于其消除。这些防御措施的诱导在时间和空间上都紧密协调,以避免诸如气蚀和栓塞之类的有害后果。我们讨论当前机制对主要木木质部病原体的植物诱导的结构性障碍的机制的知识。该知识可被用于在特定细胞中工程化血管涂层化合物的代谢途径,以产生对木质部定居者有抗性的植物。我们讨论当前机制对主要木木质部病原体的植物诱导的结构性障碍的机制的知识。该知识可被用于在特定细胞中工程化血管涂层化合物的代谢途径,以产生对木质部定居者有抗性的植物。我们讨论当前机制对主要木木质部病原体的植物诱导的结构性障碍的机制的知识。该知识可被用于在特定细胞中工程化血管涂层化合物的代谢途径,以产生对木质部定居者有抗性的植物。
更新日期:2020-09-25
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