Abstract Phytoplankton structure was studied in five ponds (located in the Oleksandriya Nature Park, Ukraine), which significantly differed in the level of their contamination. The concentration of ammonium (NH4+-N) in the studied water bodies was 0.02–74.00 mg l−1, of nitrite (NO2−-N) – 0.002–1.750 mg l−1, nitrate (NO3−-N) – 0.13–58.00 mg l−1, inorganic compounds of phosphorus (Pinorg) – 0.041–0.160 mg l−1, chloride (Cl−) – 35.4–560.5 mg l−1, whereas the content of organic matter (PO and DO) – 4.4–10.4 and 18.0–81.0 mg O l−1, respectively. It has been found that the response of phytoplankton to heavy pollution consisted in changes in its species richness, taxonomic structure, species composition, quantitative indices, numbers and biomass structure, dimensional structure, pigment index, dominant complex, as well as changes in its ecological spectrum. Individual divisions of algae differed in their response to heavy pollution of water bodies, which was conditioned by the specificity of algae metabolism. Bacillariophyta and Cyanoprokaryota proved to be more sensitive to contamination, whereas Chlorophyta and Euglenophyta – more tolerant. The obtained data can be used to monitor the status of water bodies and their biota and to determine the type and intensity of contamination.

中文翻译：

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浮游植物对水体重度污染的响应

摘要 在五个池塘（位于乌克兰 Oleksandriya 自然公园）中研究了浮游植物结构，它们的污染水平存在显着差异。研究水体中铵 (NH4+-N) 的浓度为 0.02–74.00 mg l−1，亚硝酸盐 (NO2−-N) – 0.002–1.750 mg l−1，硝酸盐 (NO3−-N) – 0.13– 58.00 mg l−1，无机磷化合物 (Pinorg) – 0.041–0.160 mg l−1，氯化物 (Cl−) – 35.4–560.5 mg l−1，而有机物含量（PO 和 DO）– 4.4–分别为 10.4 和 18.0–81.0 mg O l-1。研究发现，浮游植物对重污染的响应包括其物种丰富度、分类结构、物种组成、数量指标、数量和生物量结构、维度结构、色素指数、优势复合体、以及其生态谱的变化。藻类的个体分裂对水体严重污染的反应不同，这是由藻类代谢的特殊性决定的。事实证明，芽孢杆菌和蓝原核植物对污染更敏感，而绿藻和裸藻——更耐受。获得的数据可用于监测水体及其生物群的状况，并确定污染的类型和强度。