ABSTRACT Competitive bidding is the main mechanism for the allocation and price determination of construction services in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction industry. Quantitative bidding methods have received considerable attention in the literature. The validity and reliability of these methods (particularly Freidman and Gates) have been explored using mathematical and statistical analysis. This study aims to compare and examine the characteristics of major quantitative bidding methods under different market scenarios using an agent-based approach as a computational laboratory. The results indicate that using the Friedman model can result in obtaining higher market share and working capital whereas using the Gates model can result in gaining higher profitability in the long run. Finally, the simulation model is verified by breaking down the model into several computation steps and validated using sensitivity analysis, robustness analysis, and structural validation.

中文翻译：

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基于代理建模的定量投标方法比较分析

摘要 竞争性招标是建筑、工程和建筑行业建筑服务分配和定价的主要机制。定量投标方法在文献中受到了相当大的关注。这些方法（尤其是 Freidman 和 Gates）的有效性和可靠性已经通过数学和统计分析进行了探索。本研究旨在使用基于代理的方法作为计算实验室，比较和检查不同市场场景下主要定量投标方法的特征。结果表明，从长远来看，使用弗里德曼模型可以获得更高的市场份额和营运资金，而使用盖茨模型可以获得更高的盈利能力。最后，