Abstract

Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) are a new type of polymer material with unique microporous structure and have been widely applied in gas separation. In recent years, PIMs have also experienced rapid growth in liquid separation and purification; however, so far, no review is reported on the application of PIMs in this field. This paper reports a comprehensive and critical review on the recent research progress of PIMs in the application of liquid separation and purification including membrane separation and adsorption. First, the structural characteristics and synthesis methods of PIMs are briefly described. Subsequently, their applications in membrane separation are described in detail, including pervaporation (removal of organics from water, dehydration of solvents, and separation of organic mixtures), nanofiltration (dye rejection), and adsorption (dyes, organic contaminants, metal ions, oil/water separation, and enantiomeric separation). The effect of material structure and modification on the separation performance is emphasized, and possible new research directions are mentioned. Finally, the application of PIMs in liquid separation and purification is prospected. In conclusion, PIMs exhibit excellent separation efficiency and stable operation characteristics in liquid separation and purification, and they have attractive and broad development prospects. More valuable applications remain to be developed.

摘要

本征微孔聚合物（PIMs）是一种新型的具有独特微孔结构的高分子材料，已被广泛应用于气体分离中。近年来，PIM在液体分离和纯化方面也经历了快速增长。但是，到目前为止，还没有关于PIM在该领域中的应用的报道。本文对PIM在液体分离和纯化（包括膜分离和吸附）应用中的最新研究进展进行了全面而严格的综述。首先，简要介绍了PIM的结构特点和合成方法。随后，将详细介绍它们在膜分离中的应用，包括全蒸发（从水中去除有机物，溶剂脱水和有机混合物的分离），纳滤（染料去除），和吸附（染料，有机污染物，金属离子，油/水分离和对映体分离）。强调了材料结构和改性对分离性能的影响，并提出了可能的新研究方向。最后，展望了PIM在液体分离和纯化中的应用。综上所述，PIM在液体分离和纯化中表现出优异的分离效率和稳定的操作特性，具有诱人的广阔的发展前景。还有更多有价值的应用程序有待开发。展望了PIM在液体分离和纯化中的应用。综上所述，PIM在液体分离和纯化中表现出优异的分离效率和稳定的操作特性，具有诱人的广阔的发展前景。还有更多有价值的应用程序有待开发。展望了PIM在液体分离和纯化中的应用。综上所述，PIM在液体分离和纯化中表现出优异的分离效率和稳定的操作特性，具有诱人的广阔的发展前景。还有更多有价值的应用程序有待开发。