Abstract

Phytomining of nickel (Ni) refers to cropping of selected Ni hyperaccumulator plants on Ni-rich serpentine soils. In this study, the effect of different fertilization regimes on the Ni yield of Odontarrhena chalcidica (syn. Alyssum murale) was evaluated within a field experiment on an Austrian serpentine site. Odontarrhena chalcidica was planted in six treatments: control, fertilized by mineral fertilizer, cow manure, pig manure, compost, and planted at higher plant density. A positive fertilization effect was observed: plants treated with NPK and pig manure produced significantly higher biomass (1.9 t ha⁻¹ for both treatments). Nickel yields showed a clear trend for enhancement upon fertilization (cow manure: 22.7 kg Ni ha⁻¹, pig manure: 21.3 kg Ni ha⁻¹, NPK: 20.6 kg Ni ha⁻¹), but were not significantly different from the control. As a result of Ni accumulation in plants, DTPA-extractable Ni pools were significantly lower after harvesting (average 37.3 mg kg Ni-DTPA⁻¹) compared to the time of planting (average 45.6 mg kg Ni-DTPA⁻¹) in organic fertilization treatments and plots of higher plant density. The application of organic fertilizers contributed also to improved soil quality. We conclude that fertilization can increase the phytomining potential of field-grown Ni hyperaccumulator plants in a soil-friendly manner.

抽象的

镍（Ni）的植物提取是指在富含Ni的蛇纹石土壤上种植选定的Ni超富集植物。在这项研究中，在奥地利蛇纹石场的田间试验中，评估了不同施肥方式对稻草Odontarrhena chalcidica（Syn。Alyssum murale）的镍产量的影响。Odontarrhena chalcidica分六种处理方式进行种植：对照，通过矿物肥料，牛粪，猪粪，堆肥施肥，然后以更高的植物密度种植。观察到了积极的施肥效果：用NPK和猪粪处理的植物产生的生物量明显更高（两种处理均达到1.9 t ha ^-1）。镍产量显示出受精后增加的明显趋势（牛粪：22.7 kg镍公顷^-1，猪粪：21.3 kg Ni ha ^-1，NPK：20.6 kg Ni ha ^-1），但与对照无显着差异。由于镍在植物中的积累，与有机施肥播种时（平均45.6 mg kg Ni-DTPA ^-1）相比，收获后的DTPA可提取的Ni库（平均37.3 mg kg Ni-DTPA ^-1）要低得多。处理和较高植物密度的地块。有机肥料的使用还有助于改善土壤质量。我们得出的结论是，施肥可以以土壤友好的方式增加田间生长的镍超富集植物的植物挖掘潜力。