Abstract

The urge for alternative forms of energy to meet the demands of the ever-growing population is a primary concern throughout the world. With the improvement in technologies, biomass seems to be a potential feedstock for conversion to bio-oil by either pyrolysis or hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). The latter is advantageous as wet biomass can be used directly without any pretreatment, and HTL also produces useful byproducts along with bio-oil. The use of oleaginous microorganisms such as algae, bacteria, and yeasts as biomass feedstocks for the HTL process is more beneficial compared to other conventionally used feedstocks such as lignocellulosic biomass, owing to their high oil content and fast growth rate even on cheaply available substrates. This paper provides an insight into the advantages and detailed information on different oleaginous microorganisms, their composition, and the use of wastewater as their substrate for cultivation. It also emphasizes HTL as an appropriate thermochemical conversion process for biomass processing and production of bio-oil as well as the different process parameters affecting the HTL technology. An integrated HTL based sustainable biorefinery approach for resource recovery in the form of energy is also discussed in detail, along with the future research perspectives in this field.

摘要

迫切需要替代能源以满足不断增长的人口需求是全世界的主要关注点。随着技术的进步，生物质似乎是通过热解或水热液化 (HTL) 转化为生物油的潜在原料。后者是有利的，因为湿生物质可以直接使用而无需任何预处理，并且 HTL 还产生有用的副产品和生物油。与其他常规使用的原料（例如木质纤维素生物质）相比，使用含油微生物（例如藻类、细菌和酵母）作为 HTL 过程的生物质原料更有益，因为它们的含油量高且生长速度快，即使在廉价可用的基质上也是如此。本文深入介绍了不同产油微生物的优势和详细信息，它们的组成，以及使用废水作为培养基质。它还强调了 HTL 作为适合生物质加工和生物油生产的热化学转化过程，以及影响 HTL 技术的不同工艺参数。还详细讨论了基于综合 HTL 的可持续生物精炼方法以能源形式回收资源，以及该领域的未来研究前景。它还强调了 HTL 作为适合生物质加工和生物油生产的热化学转化过程，以及影响 HTL 技术的不同工艺参数。还详细讨论了基于综合 HTL 的可持续生物精炼方法以能源形式回收资源，以及该领域的未来研究前景。它还强调了 HTL 作为适合生物质加工和生物油生产的热化学转化过程，以及影响 HTL 技术的不同工艺参数。还详细讨论了基于综合 HTL 的可持续生物精炼方法以能源形式回收资源，以及该领域的未来研究前景。