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Physical Sources of High‐Frequency Seismic Noise on Cascadia Initiative Ocean Bottom Seismometers
Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-25 , DOI: 10.1029/2020gc009085
Rose Hilmo 1 , William S. D. Wilcock 1
Affiliation  

Physical sources of high‐frequency seismic noise in the ocean are investigated using data from the Cascadia Initiative (CI) ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) network, hindcasts of wind speed, waves, and the bottom currents predicted by a regional ocean circulation model and observed at sites on cabled observatories. Seismic data in the 5–12 Hz band are considered because it is best for detecting regional earthquakes and lies between the frequencies of local microseisms and the seasonal whale calls. Median noise levels in this range vary by ~20 dB between sites at a given depth but on average decrease with increasing depth. On the continental shelf, the orbital motions of ocean waves are a major source of noise while at the quietest sites in the deep ocean, noise increases when wind speeds exceed ~10 m/s. On the continental slope and abyssal plain within about 100 km of the slope, seismic noise is not predicted at specific sites by the bottom currents in the ocean circulation model. In these regions, ocean currents are inferred to be the primary source of noise, because noise varies on tidal periods, is low on buried seismometers, and has spatial variations broadly consistent with those of median absolute currents. Comparisons between OBSs suggest that high‐frequency noise is reduced by low‐profile hydrodynamic designs but not by shielding. Many OBSs also record numerous short duration events on and near the continental shelf that have been attributed elsewhere to animals bumping into the sensor or gas bubbles moving through sediments.

中文翻译:

Cascadia Initiative海底地震仪上的高频地震噪声的物理源

利用来自卡斯卡迪亚倡议(CI)海底地震仪(OBS)网络的数据,调查了海洋中高频地震噪声的物理源,通过区域海洋环流模型预测并观察到了风速,海浪和海底流的后兆在有线天文台的站点上。之所以考虑5-12 Hz频段的地震数据,是因为它最适合检测区域地震,并且位于局部微地震的频率和季节性鲸鱼鸣叫之间。在给定深度处,此范围内的中值噪声电平在〜20 dB之间变化,但平均随深度增加而降低。在大陆架上,海浪的轨道运动是主要的噪声源,而在深海最安静的地点,当风速超过〜10 m / s时,噪声会增加。在大陆斜坡和距该斜坡约100 km内的深海平原上,海洋环流模型中的底流未在特定地点预测地震噪声。在这些地区,洋流被认为是主要的噪声源,因为噪声在潮汐期变化,在埋入式地震仪上较低,并且其空间变化与中值绝对电流基本一致。OBS之间的比较表明,通过低调流体动力学设计可以降低高频噪声,但不能通过屏蔽来降低。许多OBS还记录了大陆架及其附近的许多短时间事件,这些事件在其他地方被归因于动物撞到传感器中或气泡在沉积物中移动。海洋环流模型中的底流无法在特定地点预测地震噪声。在这些地区,洋流被认为是主要的噪声源,因为噪声在潮汐期变化,在埋入式地震仪上较低,并且其空间变化与中值绝对电流基本一致。OBS之间的比较表明,通过低调流体动力学设计可以降低高频噪声,但不能通过屏蔽来降低。许多OBS还记录了大陆架及其附近的许多短时间事件,这些事件在其他地方被归因于动物撞到传感器中或气泡在沉积物中移动。海洋环流模型中的底流无法在特定地点预测地震噪声。在这些地区,洋流被认为是主要的噪声源,因为噪声在潮汐期变化,在埋入式地震仪上较低,并且其空间变化与中值绝对电流基本一致。OBS之间的比较表明,通过低调流体动力学设计可以降低高频噪声,但不能通过屏蔽来降低。许多OBS还记录了大陆架及其附近的许多短时间事件,这些事件在其他地方被归因于动物撞到传感器中或气泡在沉积物中移动。并且具有与中值绝对电流基本一致的空间变化。OBS之间的比较表明,通过低调流体动力学设计可以降低高频噪声,但不能通过屏蔽来降低。许多OBS还记录了大陆架及其附近的许多短时间事件,这些事件在其他地方被归因于动物撞到传感器中或气泡在沉积物中移动。并且具有与中值绝对电流基本一致的空间变化。OBS之间的比较表明,通过低调流体动力学设计可以降低高频噪声,但不能通过屏蔽来降低。许多OBS还记录了大陆架及其附近的许多短时间事件,这些事件在其他地方被归因于动物撞到传感器中或气泡在沉积物中移动。
更新日期:2020-10-13
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