Altered prefrontal cortex responses in older adults with subjective memory complaints and dementia during dual‐task gait: An fNIRS study,European Journal of Neuroscience

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Altered prefrontal cortex responses in older adults with subjective memory complaints and dementia during dual‐task gait: An fNIRS study
European Journal of Neuroscience ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-26 , DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14989
Wei-Peng Teo _{1,

2} , Timo Rantalainen ₃ , Nathan Nuzum ₂ , Leah Valente ₂ , Helen Macpherson ₂

Affiliation

People with cognitive impairments show deficits during physical performances such as gait, in particular during cognitively challenging conditions (i.e. dual‐task gait [DTG]). However, it is unclear if people at risk of dementia, such as those with subjective memory complaints (SMC), also display gait and central deficits associated with DTG. In this study, we investigated the effects of single‐ and dual‐task gait (STG and DTG), on left prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation in elderly people with subjective memory complaints (SMC) and Dementia. A total of 58 older adults (aged 65–94 years; 26 Healthy; 23 SMC; 9 Dementia) were recruited. Gait spatiotemporal characteristics (i.e. stride velocity and length) were assessed using an instrumented walkway during STG and DTG. Single‐channel functional near‐infrared spectroscopy over the left PFC was used to measure changes in oxyhaemoglobin (O₂Hb) during gait. Stride velocity and length during STG (all p < .05) and DTG (all p < .000) were significantly impaired in people with Dementia compared to Healthy and SMC individuals. No differences were observed between Healthy and SMC. For STG, a greater increase in O₂Hb (p < .05) was observed in those with Dementia compared to the Healthy and SMC, while no differences were observed between Healthy and SMC. A significant increase and decline in O₂Hb was observed during DTG in the SMC and Dementia groups, respectively, compared to Healthy. Our findings indicate an altered pattern of cerebral haemodynamic response of the left PFC in DTG in people with SMC and Dementia, which may suggest that central changes precede functional impairments in people with SMC.

中文翻译：

一项fNIRS研究显示，双任务步态中患有主观记忆障碍和痴呆的老年人前额叶皮层反应改变

有认知障碍的人在诸如步态等身体表现中表现出缺陷，尤其是在具有挑战性的条件下（即双任务步态[DTG]）。但是，尚不清楚是否有患痴呆症的人（如那些具有主观记忆障碍（SMC）的人）也显示出与DTG相关的步态和中枢性缺陷。在这项研究中，我们研究了单任务和双任务步态（STG和DTG）对患有主观记忆障碍（SMC）和痴呆的老年人左前额叶皮层（PFC）激活的影响。总共招募了58位老年人（65-94岁； 26位健康； 23位SMC； 9位痴呆）。在STG和DTG期间使用仪器走道评估步态时空特征（即步幅和长度）。₂ Hb）。与健康人和SMC患者相比，痴呆症患者的STG（均P <.05）和DTG（均P <.000）的步速和长度明显受损。健康与SMC之间未观察到差异。对于STG，与健康者和SMC相比，痴呆症患者的O ₂ Hb升高更大（p <.05），而健康者和SMC之间没有差异。O ₂显着增加和减少与健康组相比，SMC和痴呆组在DTG期间分别观察到Hb。我们的发现表明，SMC和痴呆症患者DTG中左PFC的脑血流动力学反应发生了改变，这可能表明SMC患者中枢性改变先于功能障碍。

更新日期：2020-09-26

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