Vessel extraction from the retinal fundus images plays a significant role in ophthalmologic disease diagnosis. Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) is the ultimate stage of Diabetic Retinopathy where proliferation of new and fragile blood vessels grow in human retina. These new blood vessels often show a tendency to rupture which further leads to severe damage of human eye. Neovascularization at the disk (NVD) and elsewhere (NVE) are the two general categories of PDR. So, disease diagnosis at the early stage by detecting the newly generated thin vessels demands utmost importance. Literature witness that most of the existing works emphasised on detecting only NVD. The goal of this work is to detect NVD along with NVE, as both the stages are equally devastating. The disease detection requires the extraction of vessels for subsequent analysis. A novel vessel extraction methodology has been proposed here which is capable of extracting the thick and thin vessels for further analysis. The experimental results have been tested and verified with two publicly available datasets of retinal fundus images, DRIVE and STARE. Finally, experiment for NVD and NVE detection has been carried out with DIARET-DB1 data-set. Comparison of performance with some other state-of-the-works shows superiority of the proposed methodology.

从视网膜眼底图像中提取血管在眼科疾病诊断中起着重要作用。增生性糖尿病性视网膜病（PDR）是糖尿病性视网膜病的终极阶段，其中新的和脆弱的血管在人视网膜中增殖。这些新血管经常表现出破裂的趋势，这进一步导致人眼的严重伤害。椎间盘（NVD）和其他部位（NVE）的新血管形成是PDR的两个一般类别。因此，通过检测新产生的细血管在早期进行疾病诊断非常重要。文献证明，大多数现有作品都只强调检测NVD。这项工作的目的是要同时检测NVD和NVE，因为这两个阶段都同样具有破坏性。疾病检测需要提取血管以进行后续分析。在此提出了一种新颖的血管提取方法，该方法能够提取出较厚和较薄的血管，以进行进一步的分析。实验结果已经通过两个眼底图像公开数据集DRIVE和STARE进行了测试和验证。最后，利用DIARET-DB1数据集进行了NVD和NVE检测的实验。将性能与其他一些工作状态进行比较，表明了所提出方法的优越性。