Effects of organic mercury on Mytilus galloprovincialis hemocyte function and morphology,Journal of Comparative Physiology B

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Effects of organic mercury on Mytilus galloprovincialis hemocyte function and morphology
Journal of Comparative Physiology B ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-26 , DOI: 10.1007/s00360-020-01306-0
Maria Giovanna Parisi ₁ , Jessica Pirrera ₁ , Claudia La Corte ₁ , Mariano Dara ₁ , Daniela Parrinello ₁ , Matteo Cammarata ₁

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Abstract Filter-feeding organisms accumulate xenobiotics and other substances in their tissues. They can be useful as sentinel organisms in biomonitoring of the marine compartment. Bivalve cellular immunity is ensured by phagocytosis and cytotoxic reactions carried out by hemocytes in a network with humoral responses. These can be affected by chemical contaminants in water that can be immunosuppressors also at a low concentration increasing the sensibility to pathogens. This work is an attempt to individuate cellular markers for pollution detection, investigating the effect of methylmercury (CH 3 HgCl) at different concentrations on the activity and hemocyte morphology of the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis . We assessed the effect of three sub-lethal concentrations of the organometal on the cellular morphology, the efficacy of phagocytosis toward yeast cells, the alteration of the lysosomal membrane and the ability to release cytotoxic molecules. The results provide information on the alteration of hemocyte viability, modification of the morphological and cytoskeletal features and besides the cellular spreading, intrinsic ability of motile cells was used as a complementary investigation method. Exposure to the contaminant affected the percentage of phagocytosis and the phagocytosis index. Moreover, morphological and cytoskeleton alteration, caused by the pollutant, leads to reduced ability to incorporate the target and adhere to the substrate and the low ability of cells to retain neutral red could depend on the effects of methylmercury on membrane permeability. These results reinforce the use of the Mediterranean mussel as model for the evaluation of environmental quality in aquatic ecosystems integrating the novel information about hemocyte functions and morphology sensibility to organic mercury. Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

有机汞对贻贝血细胞功能和形态的影响

摘要滤食性生物在其组织中积累异生物质和其他物质。它们可用作海洋隔间生物监测中的哨兵生物。双壳类动物的细胞免疫由血细胞在具有体液反应的网络中进行的吞噬作用和细胞毒性反应确保。这些可能会受到水中化学污染物的影响，这些化学污染物在低浓度时也可能是免疫抑制剂，从而增加对病原体的敏感性。这项工作是尝试将细胞标记物用于污染检测，研究不同浓度的甲基汞 (CH 3 HgCl) 对地中海贻贝 Mytilus galloprovincialis 的活性和血细胞形态的影响。我们评估了有机金属的三种亚致死浓度对细胞形态的影响，吞噬作用对酵母细胞的功效、溶酶体膜的改变和释放细胞毒性分子的能力。结果提供了关于血细胞活力的改变、形态和细胞骨架特征的改变的信息，除了细胞扩散之外，运动细胞的内在能力被用作补充研究方法。接触污染物会影响吞噬作用的百分比和吞噬作用指数。此外，污染物引起的形态和细胞骨架改变导致结合靶标和粘附在基质上的能力降低，细胞保留中性红的能力低下可能取决于甲基汞对膜渗透性的影响。这些结果加强了地中海贻贝作为水生生态系统环境质量评估模型的使用，整合了关于血细胞功能和形态对有机汞的敏感性的新信息。图形摘要

更新日期：2020-09-26

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