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Effect of Environmental Conditions on the Dehydration and Performance of Fire-Protective Gels
Fire Technology ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-26 , DOI: 10.1007/s10694-020-01045-2
Jacob Kadel , Faraz Hedayati , Stephen L. Quarles , Aixi Zhou

During wildfire events fire-protective gels can be used as a line of defense to protect structures. The effectiveness of freshly applied gels in delaying ignition and flame growth on structures has been well established. However, in a real-world scenario there is a period between the application of the gel and the arrival of a spot fire or the fire-front. During this period, the gels are often exposed to extreme conditions consisting of high winds and low relative humidity. The effect of these weathering conditions on the performance of fire-protective gels is still poorly understood. This study examined the dehydration and performance of fire-protective gels following a range of weathering conditions. Two commercially available gels were applied to a 100-mm by 100-mm T1-11 plywood sample and then artificially weathered in an environmental chamber, with controlled temperature, relative humidity, and wind. The remaining mass of the gels was measured at selected intervals to determine the relationship between mass loss and dehydration related to weathering. A second series of tests was conducted on weathered T1-11 samples at specific mass loss states as well as on freshly applied gels using a 50 kW/m2 heat flux exposure utilizing a cone calorimeter. Results indicated that they dehydrated to the point where, after 3 h, fire performance was no better than the uncoated wood samples and the gels could facilitate ignition. This timeline suggests that gels should only be applied by first responders and homeowners should focus on evacuation related activities.

中文翻译:

环境条件对防火凝胶脱水和性能的影响

在野火事件期间,防火凝胶可用作保护结构的防线。新应用的凝胶在延迟结构上的点火和火焰生长方面的有效性已经得到很好的证实。然而,在现实世界的场景中,凝胶的应用与现场火灾或火锋的到来之间存在一段时间。在此期间,凝胶经常暴露在由大风和低相对湿度组成的极端条件下。这些风化条件对防火凝胶性能的影响仍然知之甚少。这项研究检查了防火凝胶在一系列风化条件下的脱水和性能。将两种市售凝胶应用于 100 毫米 x 100 毫米的 T1-11 胶合板样品,然后在环境室中人工风化,控制温度、相对湿度和风。以选定的时间间隔测量凝胶的剩余质量,以确定质量损失与与风化相关的脱水之间的关系。第二系列测试是在特定质量损失状态下对风化的 T1-11 样品以及使用锥形量热计的 50 kW/m2 热通量暴露在新施加的凝胶上进行的。结果表明,它们脱水到这样的程度,即在 3 小时后,防火性能并不比未涂层的木材样品好,并且凝胶可以促进点火。该时间表表明凝胶只能由急救人员使用,房主应专注于疏散相关活动。以选定的时间间隔测量凝胶的剩余质量,以确定质量损失与与风化相关的脱水之间的关系。第二系列测试是在特定质量损失状态下对风化的 T1-11 样品以及使用锥形量热计的 50 kW/m2 热通量暴露在新施加的凝胶上进行的。结果表明,它们脱水到这样的程度,即在 3 小时后,防火性能并不比未涂层的木材样品好,并且凝胶可以促进点火。该时间表表明凝胶只能由急救人员使用,房主应专注于疏散相关活动。以选定的时间间隔测量凝胶的剩余质量,以确定质量损失与与风化相关的脱水之间的关系。第二系列测试是在特定质量损失状态下对风化的 T1-11 样品以及使用锥形量热计的 50 kW/m2 热通量暴露在新施加的凝胶上进行的。结果表明,它们脱水到这样的程度,即在 3 小时后,防火性能并不比未涂层的木材样品好,并且凝胶可以促进点火。该时间表表明凝胶只能由急救人员使用,房主应专注于疏散相关活动。第二系列测试是在特定质量损失状态下对风化的 T1-11 样品以及使用锥形量热计的 50 kW/m2 热通量暴露在新施加的凝胶上进行的。结果表明,它们脱水到这样的程度,即在 3 小时后,防火性能并不比未涂层的木材样品好,并且凝胶可以促进点火。该时间表表明凝胶只能由急救人员使用,房主应专注于疏散相关活动。第二系列测试是在特定质量损失状态下对风化的 T1-11 样品以及使用锥形量热计的 50 kW/m2 热通量暴露在新施加的凝胶上进行的。结果表明,它们脱水到这样的程度,即在 3 小时后,防火性能并不比未涂层的木材样品好,并且凝胶可以促进点火。该时间表表明凝胶只能由急救人员使用,房主应专注于疏散相关活动。
更新日期:2020-09-26
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