The concepts of the physics of metallic alloys regarding the driving forces of diffusion phase transformations, the nature of solid solutions, the chemical interatomic interaction energy, the principles of plotting phase diagrams, and the principles of heat treatment of alloys are critically reviewed. The ordering-separation phase transition, which is caused by the recently detected property of alloys to change the sign of chemical interatomic interaction when temperature changes, is shown to change these concepts radically. The experimental data that fully support the ideas advanced in this review are presented (comprehensive experimental data for Ni-Cr and ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/1063-7869/63/7/668/tex_pu_8814_img1.gif] {$ \rm Co_3V$} alloys are presented). The problem of the diffusion processes in multicomponent alloys is considered in detail. They are shown to occur according to the model of pairwise chemical interatomic interaction. The forma...

中文翻译：

---

合金中的成对原子间相互作用

关于扩散相变的驱动力，固溶体的性质，化学原子间相互作用能，相图的绘制原理以及合金的热处理原理，金属合金的物理学概念得到了严格的审查。有序分离相变是由合金的最新检测性质引起的，它在温度变化时会改变化学原子间相互作用的征兆，这表明它们会从根本上改变这些概念。提出了完全支持本评价中提出的观点的实验数据（Ni-Cr和## IMG ## [http://ej.iop.org/images/1063-7869/63/7/668的综合实验数据/tex_pu_8814_img1.gif] {$ \ rm Co_3V $}合金）。详细讨论了多组分合金中扩散过程的问题。它们显示是根据成对化学原子间相互作用的模型发生的。形式...