Soil as a tool of revelation in forensic science: a review,Analytical Methods

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Soil as a tool of revelation in forensic science: a review
Analytical Methods ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-25 , DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01634a
Preeti Sangwan _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Tarsem Nain _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Kusum Singal _{4,

5,

6} , Nidhi Hooda _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Neelkamal Sharma _{1,

2,

3,

4}

Affiliation

Soil contains diverse and complex natural elements having physical, chemical, mineralogical and biological components. Soil being a transferable physical component (it can be transferred from one location to another with the help of shoes, tires, clothes, tools etc.), acts as a tool of forensic investigation to correlate a specific crime scene with criminal suspects. A variety of techniques and combinations of methods can be used to discriminate soil from different geographical locations. The present review highlights various analytical techniques (ATR-FTIR, pyGC-MS, SEM-EDX, ICP-MS/OES and XRD) for soil analysis (colour comparison, texture and particle size determination, density gradient methods and organic matter estimation) and discusses some of the famous cases solved with soil trace evidence. The objective of the present study is to provide an overview of the importance of soil as physical evidence in forensic science based on literature analysis that will help forensic scientists and researchers to select appropriate methods to discriminate different soil samples. This article reviews various analytical techniques used to differentiate soils and provides compiled information regarding soil as trace evidence in order to help academicians, researchers and forensic soil scientists.

中文翻译：

土壤是法医学启示的工具：综述

土壤包含具有物理，化学，矿物和生物成分的各种复杂的自然元素。土壤是一种可转移的物理成分（可以借助鞋子，轮胎，衣服，工具等将其从一个位置转移到另一个位置。），作为法医调查工具，可将特定犯罪现场与犯罪嫌疑人联系起来。可以使用多种技术和方法的组合来区分不同地理位置的土壤。本综述着重介绍了用于土壤分析的各种分析技术（ATR-FTIR，pyGC-MS，SEM-EDX，ICP-MS / OES和XRD）（颜色比较，质地和粒度确定，密度梯度方法和有机物估计）和讨论了一些用土壤痕量证据解决的著名案例。本研究的目的是基于文献分析，概述土壤在法医学中作为物理证据的重要性，这将有助于法医学家和研究人员选择合适的方法来区分不同的土壤样品。

更新日期：2020-11-03

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