Adventitious root formation is essential for plant propagation, development, and response to various stresses. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for adventitious root formation. However, information on Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog (RBOH), a key enzyme that catalyzes the production ROS, remains limited in woody plants. Here, a total of 44 RBOH genes were identified from six Rosaceae species (Malus domestica, Prunus avium, Prunus dulcis 'Texas’, Rubus occidentalis, Fragaria vesca and Rosa chinensis), including ten from M. domestica. Their phylogenetic relationships, conserved motifs and gene structures were analyzed. Exogenous treatment with the RBOH protein inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) completely inhibited adventitious root formation, whereas exogenous H₂O₂ treatment enhanced adventitious root formation. In addition, we found that ROS accumulated during adventitious root primordium inducing process. The expression levels of MdRBOH-H, MdRBOH-J, MdRBOH-A, MdRBOH-E1 and MdRBOH-K increased more than two-fold at days 3 or 9 after auxin treatment. In addition, cis-acting element analysis revealed that the MdRBOH-E1 promoter contained an auxin-responsive element and the MdRBOH-K promoter contained a meristem expression element. Based on the combined results from exogenous DPI and H₂O₂ treatment, spatiotemporal expression profiling, and cis-element analysis, MdRBOH-E1 and MdRBOH-K appear to be candidates for the control of adventitious rooting in apple.

不定根的形成对于植物的繁殖，发育以及对各种胁迫的响应至关重要。活性氧（ROS）对于不定根的形成至关重要。但是，有关木本植物中呼吸爆发性氧化酶同源物（RBOH）（一种催化产生ROS的关键酶）的信息仍然有限。在这里，一共有44个RBOH基因来自六个蔷薇科的物种鉴定（海棠斯蒂卡，甜樱桃，樱桃椇“得克萨斯”，悬钩子属悬铃木，野草莓和月季），包括从十中号。家养。分析了它们的系统发生关系，保守的基序和基因结构。RBOH蛋白抑制剂二苯二碘铵（DPI）的外源处理完全抑制了不定根的形成，而外源H ₂ O ₂处理则增强了不定根的形成。另外，我们发现ROS在不定根原基诱导过程中积累。生长素处理后第3天或第9天，MdRBOH-H，MdRBOH-J，MdRBOH-A，MdRBOH-E1和MdRBOH-K的表达水平增加了两倍以上。此外，顺式作用元件分析显示MdRBOH-E1启动子包含生长素应答元件，MdRBOH-K启动子包含分生组织表达元件。根据外源DPI和H ₂ O ₂处理，时空表达谱分析以及顺式元素分析的综合结果，MdRBOH-E1和MdRBOH-K似乎是控制苹果不定根的候选对象。