Abstract

Polyester fibres are extensively used in the textile industry because of their durability, low-cost, easy-care and compatibility properties. The hydrophobic nature of polyester is adversely affecting the level of comfort and restricts its use in most textile applications like sportswear, underwear, and bedding. Thus, the demands for improving polyester properties to meet market needs are gaining increased research interest. In the present work, casein was used as a surface-coating material for woven and knitted polyester fabrics to impart new desired properties. The fabrics were pretreated with sodium hydroxide followed by treating with various concentrations of casein using pad-dry-cure technique, as well the fabrics were treated with casein directly in presence of epichlorohydrin as cross-linker. The apparent viscosity of the different concentrations of the dissolved casein biopolymer was studied. The morphological structure and the surface chemical elements of the untreated and treated polyester fabrics were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), respectively. The base combining capacity of the untreated and treated fabrics was evaluated and compared, in addition to studying their physical and mechanical properties to evaluate their performance. Also, the antibacterial activity of the treated fabrics compared to the untreated one was investigated. The results revealed that all treated polyester fabrics exhibited better moisture regain, UPF, antistatic and antibacterial activity compared to the untreated fabrics. Woven and knitted polyester samples treated with casein only achieved higher strength properties, lower surface roughness and improved electrostatic charges. Even so, the woven samples pretreated with sodium hydroxide followed by casein had increased air permeability values, while the knitted samples showed decreased values and increased stiffness. The overall comparison between the significant properties of all treated polyester fabrics clarified that, the woven sample pretreated with 10% NaOH then 7% casein and knitted sample treated with 4% casein only achieved the best functional performance.

摘要

聚酯纤维因其耐用性、低成本、易于护理和相容性等特性而广泛用于纺织工业。聚酯的疏水性对舒适度产生不利影响，并限制了其在运动服、内衣和床上用品等大多数纺织应用中的使用。因此，提高聚酯性能以满足市场需求的需求正引起越来越多的研究兴趣。在目前的工作中，酪蛋白被用作机织和针织聚酯织物的表面涂层材料，以赋予新的所需性能。织物用氢氧化钠预处理，然后使用轧干固化技术用不同浓度的酪蛋白处理，并且织物在表氯醇作为交联剂的存在下直接用酪蛋白处理。研究了不同浓度的溶解酪蛋白生物聚合物的表观粘度。分别使用场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FE-SEM) 和色散 X 射线光谱 (EDX) 研究了未处理和处理过的涤纶织物的形态结构和表面化学元素。除了研究它们的物理和机械性能以评估它们的性能外，还评估和比较了未处理和处理过的织物的碱结合能力。此外，研究了处理过的织物与未处理过的织物相比的抗菌活性。结果表明，与未处理的织物相比，所有处理过的涤纶织物都表现出更好的回潮率、UPF、抗静电和抗菌活性。用酪蛋白处理的机织和针织聚酯样品仅实现了更高的强度特性、更低的表面粗糙度和改进的静电荷。即便如此，用氢氧化钠和酪蛋白预处理的机织样品具有增加的透气性值，而针织样品显示出降低的值和增加的刚度。所有处理过的涤纶织物显着性能的总体比较表明，用 10% NaOH 和 7% 酪蛋白预处理的机织样品和用 4% 酪蛋白处理的针织样品仅实现了最佳的功能性能。而针织样品显示出降低的值和增加的刚度。所有处理过的涤纶织物显着性能的总体比较表明，用 10% NaOH 和 7% 酪蛋白预处理的机织样品和用 4% 酪蛋白处理的针织样品仅实现了最佳的功能性能。而针织样品显示出降低的值和增加的刚度。所有处理过的涤纶织物显着性能的总体比较表明，用 10% NaOH 和 7% 酪蛋白预处理的机织样品和用 4% 酪蛋白处理的针织样品仅实现了最佳的功能性能。