Abstract

Mammalian mitochondria contain multiple copies of a circular, double-stranded DNA genome (mtDNA) that codes for subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation machinery. Mutations in mtDNA cause a number of rare, human disorders and are also associated with more common conditions, such as neurodegeneration and biological aging. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of mtDNA replication in mammalian cells and how this process is regulated. We also discuss how deletions can be formed during mtDNA replication.

中文翻译：

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哺乳动物线粒体 DNA 复制和缺失形成机制。

摘要

哺乳动物线粒体包含编码氧化磷酸化机制亚基的环状双链 DNA 基因组 (mtDNA) 的多个副本。mtDNA 的突变会导致许多罕见的人类疾病，并且还与更常见的疾病有关，例如神经变性和生物衰老。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了我们目前对哺乳动物细胞中 mtDNA 复制的理解以及如何调节这一过程。我们还讨论了在 mtDNA 复制过程中如何形成缺失。