One of the main weaknesses of Si-based Photovoltaic (PV) solar modules is the sensitivity of their efficiency to module (cell) temperature. Especially in locations with long hot seasons, the efficiency loss of PVs due to high temperatures should be considered carefully. Thermal modelling is a method to predict the performance of a PV module using essentially the 1st law of thermodynamics and available data. In this paper, a transient thermal model is described, which considers hourly meteorological data, including wind speed and direction, module parameters, and locational information. In transient analysis, the heat capacity value of PV panel is required, but it is not a parameter specified in the manufacturer's datasheet. Experiments on the heat capacity of PV modules are missing in the literature. The thermal model provides verified performance analysis for a poly-c-Si PV module installed in Ankara, Turkey, with a calculated heat capacity value. And a sensitivity analysis for the heat capacity of the transient thermal model is performed. It is found that the model results are almost invariant under changing module heat capacity values.

硅基光伏（PV）太阳能模块的主要缺点之一是其效率对模块（电池）温度的敏感性。特别是在炎热季节长的地区，应仔细考虑由于高温导致的PV效率损失。热建模是一种基本上使用热力学第一定律和可用数据来预测PV模块性能的方法。在本文中，描述了一个瞬态热模型，该模型考虑了每小时的气象数据，包括风速和风向，模块参数和位置信息。在瞬态分析中，需要PV面板的热容量值，但这不是制造商数据表中指定的参数。文献中缺少有关光伏组件热容量的实验。该热模型为安装在土耳其安卡拉的多晶硅太阳能电池组件提供了经过验证的性能分析，并具有计算出的热容量值。并对瞬态热模型的热容量进行了敏感性分析。发现在改变模块热容值的情况下，模型结果几乎不变。