Introduction

Disruptions in neural measures of reward responsiveness are implicated in risk for and the development of Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) in general, but it is not clear if this is also true for Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD). To date, no studies have examined neural reward responsiveness in cannabis users using EEG.

Methods

Cannabis users (CU; n = 67) and non-users (n = 60) were drawn from larger studies of individuals with and without internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. Groups were matched on current and lifetime psychopathology. Participants completed a validated monetary reward task during electroencephalogram (EEG). One-way between subject analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models examined group differences in four EEG indicators of reward responsiveness - the reward positivity (RewP) and feedback negativity (FN) event-related potentials and two time–frequency measures (reward-related delta and loss-related theta).

Results

CU demonstrated an enhanced RewP to the attainment of monetary reward compared to non-users (p = .004), even after controlling for relevant covariates. Secondary analyses found that occasional CU, but not current CUD or remitted CUD, showed enhanced RewP compared to non-users. There were no significant differences in FN, reward-related delta, or loss-related theta time–frequency measures between groups.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first study to show preliminary evidence that CU have an enhanced RewP to reward and the extent of disruption may be related to CUD status. Our findings suggest that greater neural reward responsiveness may only be seen among occasional CU, not necessarily among CU with current or remitted CUD.

中文翻译：

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大麻使用者表现出增强的神经反应性奖励：与事件相关的电位和时频脑电图研究

介绍

奖励反应性神经测量的中断通常与物质使用障碍 (SUD) 的风险和发展有关，但尚不清楚大麻使用障碍 (CUD) 是否也是如此。迄今为止，没有研究检查过使用脑电图的大麻使用者的神经奖励反应。

方法

大麻使用者 (CU; n = 67) 和非使用者 (n = 60) 来自对有和没有内化和外化精神病理学的个体的大型研究。各组在当前和终生精神病理学方面进行匹配。参与者在脑电图 (EEG) 期间完成了一项经过验证的金钱奖励任务。协方差主题分析 (ANCOVA) 模型之间的单向检查了奖励响应性的四个 EEG 指标的组差异 - 奖励积极性 (RewP) 和反馈消极性 (FN) 事件相关电位和两个时间频率测量 (奖励相关增量和损失相关的θ）。

结果

 即使在控制相关协变量后，CU 与非用户相比，在获得金钱奖励方面表现出增强的 RewP ( p = .004)。二次分析发现，与非用户相比，偶尔的 CU，但不是当前的 CUD 或缓解的 CUD，显示出增强的 RewP。各组之间的 FN、奖励相关 delta 或损失相关 theta 时间频率测量值没有显着差异。

结论

据我们所知，这是第一项显示初步证据表明 CU 具有增强的 RewP 奖励的研究，并且破坏程度可能与 CUD 状态有关。我们的研究结果表明，更大的神经奖励反应性可能仅在偶尔的 CU 中可见，不一定在具有当前或缓解 CUD 的 CU 中。