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Sources, concentrations, and transport models of ultrafine particles near highways: a Literature Review
Building and Environment ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107325
Yang Lv , Xi Chen , Shanshan Wei , Rui Zhu , Beibei Wang , Bin Chen , Meng Kong , Jianshun (Jensen) Zhang

Abstract Population growth is forcing people to build near highways. Outdoor air quality affects the indoor environment. Highway traffic-generated ultrafine particles (UFPs) carry toxic substances, posing a serious threat to pedestrians and residents. Existing literature has shown that the primary sources of UFPs are vehicle emissions, combustion sources, and atmospheric transformation. Particle number concentration and size distribution are mainly influenced by the type of vehicle, traffic volume, wind speed and direction, atmospheric dilution and coagulation or distance from the road. The toxicological relationship between UFPs and human health needs to be further investigated. Prediction models of UFPs transport include line source dispersion, street canyon, and Gaussian models. Line source diffusion models can be used in open streets and highways. Street canyon models are mainly used in metropolitan areas. Gaussian models can be used on flat roads. The results of these three models have randomness and uncertainty and are suitable for short-term models. Numerical models can handle diffusion problems of complex street patterns. Commonly used non-numerical models include the STREET, CPBM, and OSPM models. The CPBM model had higher accuracy and practical value than the STREET model. The OSPM model considered the effect of street geometry and weather conditions in the calculation of pollution diffusion. In addition, coupling CFD and GIS technology has become a promising approach in recent years.

中文翻译:

高速公路附近超细颗粒物的来源、浓度和传输模型:文献综述

摘要 人口增长迫使人们在高速公路附近建造房屋。室外空气质量影响室内环境。公路交通产生的超细颗粒 (UFP) 携带有毒物质,对行人和居民构成严重威胁。现有文献表明,UFP 的主要来源是车辆排放、燃烧源和大气转化。粒子数浓度和粒径分布主要受车辆类型、交通量、风速和风向、大气稀释和凝结或与道路距离的影响。UFP 与人类健康之间的毒理学关系需要进一步研究。UFPs 传输的预测模型包括线源色散模型、街道峡谷模型和高斯模型。线源扩散模型可用于开阔的街道和高速公路。街道峡谷模型主要用于大都市区。高斯模型可用于平坦道路。这三个模型的结果具有随机性和不确定性,适用于短期模型。数值模型可以处理复杂街道模式的扩散问题。常用的非数值模型包括 STREET、CPBM 和 OSPM 模型。CPBM 模型比 STREET 模型具有更高的准确性和实用价值。OSPM 模型在计算污染扩散时考虑了街道几何形状和天气条件的影响。此外,耦合 CFD 和 GIS 技术近年来已成为一种很有前途的方法。这三个模型的结果具有随机性和不确定性,适用于短期模型。数值模型可以处理复杂街道模式的扩散问题。常用的非数值模型包括 STREET、CPBM 和 OSPM 模型。CPBM 模型比 STREET 模型具有更高的准确性和实用价值。OSPM 模型在计算污染扩散时考虑了街道几何形状和天气条件的影响。此外,耦合 CFD 和 GIS 技术近年来已成为一种很有前途的方法。这三个模型的结果具有随机性和不确定性,适用于短期模型。数值模型可以处理复杂街道模式的扩散问题。常用的非数值模型包括 STREET、CPBM 和 OSPM 模型。CPBM 模型比 STREET 模型具有更高的准确性和实用价值。OSPM 模型在计算污染扩散时考虑了街道几何形状和天气条件的影响。此外,耦合 CFD 和 GIS 技术近年来已成为一种很有前景的方法。CPBM 模型比 STREET 模型具有更高的准确性和实用价值。OSPM 模型在计算污染扩散时考虑了街道几何形状和天气条件的影响。此外,耦合 CFD 和 GIS 技术近年来已成为一种很有前途的方法。CPBM 模型比 STREET 模型具有更高的准确性和实用价值。OSPM 模型在污染扩散计算中考虑了街道几何形状和天气条件的影响。此外,耦合 CFD 和 GIS 技术近年来已成为一种很有前途的方法。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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