Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-25 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129749 Rekha Raju , Saffron J. Bryant , Brendan L. Wilkinson , Gary Bryant
Background
Cryopreservation is a key method of preservation of biological material for both medical treatments and conservation of endangered species. In order to avoid cellular damage, cryopreservation relies on the addition of a suitable cryoprotective agent (CPA). However, the toxicity of CPAs is a serious concern and often requires rapid removal on thawing which is time consuming and expensive.
Scope of review
The principles of Cryopreservation are reviewed and recent advances in cryopreservation methods and new CPAs are described. The importance of understanding key biophysical properties to assess the cryoprotective potential of new non-toxic compounds is discussed.
Major conclusions
Knowing the biophysical properties of a particular cell type is crucial for developing new cryopreservation protocols. Similarly, understanding how potential CPAs interact with cells is key for optimising protocols. For example, cells with a large osmotically inactive volume may require slower addition of CPAs. Similarly, a cell with low permeability may require a longer incubation time with the CPA to allow adequate penetration. Measuring these properties allows efficient optimisation of cryopreservation protocols.
General significance
Understanding the interplay between cells and biophysical properties is important not just for developing new, and better optimised, cryopreservation protocols, but also for broader research into topics such as dehydration and desiccation tolerance, chilling and heat stress, as well as membrane structure and function.
中文翻译:
对新型冷冻保护剂和冷冻保存方案的需求:深入了解生物物理研究和细胞通透性的重要性
背景
冷冻保存是用于医疗和濒危物种保存的生物材料保存的关键方法。为了避免细胞损伤,冷冻保存依赖于添加合适的冷冻保护剂(CPA)。但是,CPA的毒性是一个严重问题,通常需要在融化时快速去除,这既费时又昂贵。
审查范围
回顾了冷冻保存的原理,并介绍了冷冻保存方法和新的CPA的最新进展。讨论了了解关键的生物物理特性以评估新的无毒化合物的防冻潜力的重要性。
主要结论
了解特定细胞类型的生物物理特性对于开发新的低温保存方案至关重要。同样,了解潜在的CPA如何与单元互动是优化协议的关键。例如,具有大的无渗透活性的细胞可能需要缓慢添加CPA。类似地,具有低渗透性的细胞可能需要更长的与CPA的孵育时间,以允许足够的渗透。测量这些属性可以有效优化冷冻保存方案。
一般意义
理解细胞与生物物理特性之间的相互作用不仅对于开发新的,更好地优化的冷冻保存方案很重要,而且对于更广泛的主题研究也很重要,例如脱水和干燥耐性,低温和热应激以及膜的结构和功能。