Among different forms of metallic nanoparticles (NPs), zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs with a very special bandgap of 3.37 eV and considerable binding energy of excitation (60 meV at room temperature), have been classified as high-tech nanoparticles. This study aimed to synthesize ZnO NPs using the extract from Salvia hispanica leaves. The synthesized nanoparticles were fully characterized and the photocatalytic activity was evaluated through the degradation of methylene blue. Additionally, the potential in vitro biological activities of such ZnO NPs in terms of their antibacterial activity were determined, as well as their antioxidant (30 minutes), antiviral (48 hours) and mammalian cell viability properties (48 and 72 hours). This study is the first investigation into the synthesis of such green ZnO NPs mediated by this plant extract, in which both photocatalytic and biomedical properties were found to be promising. The IC50 values for the antibacterial activities were found to be around 17.4 μg mL^-1 and 28.5 μg mL^-1 for S. aureus and E. coli, respectively, and the antioxidant activity was comparable with the standard BHT. However, the H1N1 inhibition rate using the present green ZnO NPs was lower than oseltamivir (up to about 40% for ZnO NPs and above 90% for oseltamivir) which was expected since it is a drug, but was higher than many synthetic nanoparticles reported in the literature. In addition, the mammalian cell viability assay showed a higher than 80% cellular viability in the presence of 5, 10 and 20 μg mL^-1 nanoparticles, and showed a higher than 50% cellular viability in the presence of 50 and 75 μg mL^-1 nanoparticles. In this manner, this study showed that these green ZnO NPs should be studied for a wide range of medical applications.

中文翻译：

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经由西班牙丹参的绿色合成ZnO NPs：潜在的抗氧化剂，抗菌，哺乳动物细胞活力，H1N1流感病毒抑制和光催化活性的评估。

在不同形式的金属纳米颗粒（NPs）中，具有3.37 eV的非常特殊的带隙和相当大的激发结合能（室温为60 meV）的氧化锌（ZnO）NPs被​​列为高科技纳米颗粒。这项研究旨在使用丹参叶提取物合成ZnO NP 。充分表征了合成的纳米颗粒，并通过亚甲基蓝的降解评价了其光催化活性。此外，体外的潜力确定了此类ZnO NP的抗菌活性，抗氧化剂（30分钟），抗病毒（48小时）和哺乳动物细胞活力（48和72小时）。这项研究是对这种植物提取物介导的绿色ZnO NPs的合成的首次研究，发现光催化和生物医学性质均有望。被发现的抗菌活性的IC 50个值是17.4左右μ克毫升^-1和28.5 μ克毫升^-1对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌，其抗氧化活性与标准BHT相当。然而，使用目前的绿色ZnO NP对H1N1的抑制率低于oseltamivir（对于ZnO NPs高达约40％，对于oseltamivir高达90％），这是预期的，因为它是药物，但高于许多报道的合成纳米颗粒。文献。另外，哺乳动物细胞生存力测定显示在5，10和20个的存在的高于80％细胞生存力μ克毫升^-1纳米颗粒，并表明在50存在下高于50％细胞生存力和75 μ克mL ^-1纳米颗粒。通过这种方式，这项研究表明应该对这些绿色的ZnO NPs进行广泛的医学应用研究。