In the United States, many decision support tools exist to provide fire managers with weather and fire behaviour information to inform and facilitate risk-based decision-making. Relatively little is known about how managers use these tools in the field and when and how they may serve to influence decisions. To address this gap, we conducted exploratory interviews with 27 wildfire management and fire weather professionals across the United States. Results reveal that barriers to the use of decision support tools are structural and social. Specifically, fire weather and behaviour models may not generate reliable output and managers may not use the information they provide, but technical specialists on incident management teams (IMTs) play an active role in trying to overcome these barriers through their technical expertise and their relationships with other members of the IMT. Although researchers suggest tools such as the Wildland Fire Decision Support System (WFDSS) inform broad, strategic decision-making for line officers and IMTs, our results suggest fire weather and behaviour models are also important for communication and strategic or tactical planning within the IMT, especially for operations. We find that ultimately, managers may make use of fire weather and behaviour models, but they do not dictate decisions.

中文翻译：

---

野火决策支持工具：在美国使用的探索性研究

在美国，存在许多决策支持工具来为火灾管理人员提供天气和火灾行为信息，以告知和促进基于风险的决策。对于管理者如何在现场使用这些工具以及它们何时以及如何影响决策，人们知之甚少。为了弥补这一差距，我们对美国各地的 27 位野火管理和火灾天气专业人士进行了探索性访谈。结果表明，使用决策支持工具的障碍是结构性和社会性的。具体来说，火灾天气和行为模型可能无法产生可靠的输出，管理人员可能不会使用他们提供的信息，但事件管理团队 (IMT) 的技术专家通过他们的技术专长以及与 IMT 其他成员的关系，在努力克服这些障碍方面发挥了积极作用。尽管研究人员建议使用 Wildland Fire Decision Support System (WFDSS) 等工具为一线军官和 IMT 制定广泛的战略决策提供信息，但我们的结果表明，火灾天气和行为模型对于 IMT 内的沟通和战略或战术规划也很重要，特别是对于操作。我们发现，最终，管理人员可能会利用火灾天气和行为模型，但他们不会支配决策。我们的结果表明，火灾天气和行为模型对于 IMT 内的通信和战略或战术规划也很重要，尤其是对运营而言。我们发现，最终，管理人员可能会利用火灾天气和行为模型，但他们不会支配决策。我们的结果表明，火灾天气和行为模型对于 IMT 内的通信和战略或战术规划也很重要，尤其是对运营而言。我们发现，最终，管理人员可能会利用火灾天气和行为模型，但他们不会支配决策。