Aerobic exercise and physical activity (PA) are known to benefit cognition in adulthood. However, a typical older adult spends most of the day sedentary or in light PA, behaviors that are typically poorly captured by questionnaires. To better understand the associations between time spent in different intensities of lifestyle PA and cognition, we measured average time spent daily in sedentariness, light, and moderate to vigorous PA using hip-worn sensors (ActiGraph accelerometers). We studied baseline data from 228 cognitively normal adults (Age 60-80) who took part in a clinical trial (clinical study identifier: NCT01472744). Fluid (processing speed, memory, and reasoning) and crystallized abilities (vocabulary knowledge) were assessed with the Virginia Cognitive Aging Battery. Adjusting for age, sex, and several modifiable socioeconomic, physical and functional health factors, time spent daily in moderate to vigorous PA was positively related with fluid abilities (perceptual speed and reasoning). Furthermore, we found that those spending more time sedentary performed better on vocabulary knowledge and reasoning tasks. In contrast, time spent in light PA was not related to either fluid or crystallized abilities. Our results add to the previous literature by providing the first sensor-based evidence that crystallized and fluid abilities in older age may be associated with engagement in different intensities of daily activity. Moreover, our findings suggest that the behavior of moderate to vigorous PA is at least as important in relation to cognition as the desirable long-term physiological effects of higher intensity PA and exercise. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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传感器测量的久坐和身体活动与衰老过程中的体液和结晶能力存在差异。

众所周知，有氧运动和体育活动 (PA) 有益于成年期的认知。然而，一个典型的老年人一天中的大部分时间都在久坐不动或处于轻度 PA 状态，而这些行为通常很难被问卷记录下来。为了更好地了解在不同强度的生活方式 PA 中花费的时间与认知之间的关联，我们使用髋部佩戴的传感器（ActiGraph 加速度计）测量了每天在久坐、轻度和中度到剧烈的 PA 中花费的平均时间。我们研究了参加临床试验（临床研究编号：NCT01472744）的 228 名认知正常的成年人（60-80 岁）的基线数据。使用弗吉尼亚认知老化电池评估流体（处理速度、记忆力和推理）和结晶能力（词汇知识）。根据年龄、性别和几个可改变的社会经济因素进行调整，身体和功能健康因素，每天在中度到剧烈运动中花费的时间与流体能力（感知速度和推理）呈正相关。此外，我们发现那些花更多时间久坐不动的人在词汇知识和推理任务上表现得更好。相比之下，在光 PA 中花费的时间与流体或结晶能力无关。我们的结果通过提供第一个基于传感器的证据来补充先前的文献，该证据表明老年人的结晶和流动能力可能与参与不同强度的日常活动有关。此外，我们的研究结果表明，中度至剧烈 PA 的行为在认知方面至少与更高强度 PA 和运动的理想长期生理效应一样重要。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，